Pituitary Disorders
Figure 46.1. Pituitary Anatomy. (A), P = pituitary gland; S = sphenoid sinus; A = carotid artery; 3, 4, 6, cranial nerves III, IV, and VI; V1,V2, branches 1 and…
Acute Coronary Syndromes
In total, ACS presentations account for over 2 million annual hospital admissions in the United States. Almost 1.4 million people suffer an ACS each year, of which 55% are new…
Nephrology Summary
Figure 67.1. Approximate rates of progression in the different stages of diabetic nephropathy. Approximately 25% of type 2 diabetics have microalbuminuria at the time of diagnosis, and 3% of newly…
Parenchymal Renal Disease
Figure 62.1. Hematuria workup. ISOLATED NONNEPHROTIC PROTEINURIA Isolated nonnephrotic proteinuria is defined as proteinuria >150 mg/dL (60% of which is usually albuminuria). Figure 62.2 depicts causes of functional and persistent…
Acute Monoarticular Arthritis
Box 24.1 ETIOLOGY OF ACUTE MONOARTICULAR ARTHRITIS Common Infectious arthritis Bacteria Lyme disease Fungi Mycobacteria Viruses Crystals Monosodium urate (MSU) Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) Calcium oxalate…
Pulmonary Function Tests
Box 36.1 USING ARM SPAN TO PREDICT A PATIENT’S STANDING HEIGHT Arm span: height ratio White males 1.019 White females 0.999 Black males 1.044 Black females 1.035 Predictive equation: Height…
Venous Thromboembolic Diseases
Box 34.1 MAJOR RISK FACTORS FOR VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM CLINICAL RISK FACTORS • Advancing age • Cancer • Personal or family history of VTE • Recent surgery, trauma, hospitalization, or immobilization • Acute infectious illness • Chronic…
Internal Medicine Summary
Figure 105.1. Lead-time bias. Source: Reprinted with permission from Welch et al. Overstating the evidence from lung cancer screening: The International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (I-ELCAP) Study. Arch Intern…
Preoperative Evaluation and Management Before Major Noncardiac Surgery
Figure 94.1. Cardiac Evaluation and Care Algorithm for Noncardiac Surgery. From ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines. Source: Reprinted with permission from Fleisher LA, Beckman JA, Brown KA, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines…
Infectious Disease Summary
(HOSPITAL ACQUIRED) PROSTHETIC VALVE(<30 DAYS POST-IMPLANTATION)* Streptococcus viridans Staphylococcus aureus Coagulase-negative staphylococci Streptococcus pneumoniae Enterococcus spp. Propionibacterium acnes Gram-negative aerobes Staphylococcus aureus Candida spp. Enterococcus spp. NOTE: *After 30 days…
