Full-Term Male Infant with Respiratory Distress

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Full-Term Male Infant with Respiratory Distress

Diagnosis Distinguishing features Choanal atresia Nasogastric tube (NGT) cannot be placed Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) Loops of intestine (left) or liver (right) above the diaphragm on CXR Cystic lesions: Cystic…

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Excessive Drooling in a Newborn

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Excessive Drooling in a Newborn

Fig. 35.1 (a, b) Anteroposterior and lateral chest radiographs Diagnosis What Is the Differential Diagnosis of Excessive Drooling/Feeding Intolerance in a Newborn? Diagnosis Distinguishing features Choanal atresia Inability to pass…

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Pencil-Thin Stools and Intermittent Constipation

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Pencil-Thin Stools and Intermittent Constipation

Condition Change in bowel habits Other characteristics Colorectal cancer Diarrhea, constipation, iron deficiency anemia (more so with right sided) Anemia, fatigue, weight loss, decreased stool caliber Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)…

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Newborn with Bilious Emesis

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Newborn with Bilious Emesis

Diagnosis Specific findings Duodenal atresia “Double bubble” on AXR, no distal bowel gas Hirschsprung’s disease Transition zone (caliber change) on contrast enema, absence of ganglion cells with hypertrophied nerve trunks…

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Question Sets and Answers

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Question Sets and Answers

(1) Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA   Question Sets and Answers Acute Care Surgery Christian de Virgilio2  and Areg Grigorian3 (2) Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA,…

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Loss of Consciousness Following Head Trauma

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Loss of Consciousness Following Head Trauma

Diagnosis Pathophysiology Comments Epidural hematoma (EDH) Laceration of middle meningeal artery by temporal bone fracture (blood accumulates between the dura and skull) Classic presentation: brief loss of consciousness, followed by…

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Bloody Emesis

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Bloody Emesis

Diagnosis Comments Gastritis Nausea, bloating, dyspepsia, NSAID abuse, Helicobacter pylori, alcohol abuse Gastric ulcer Epigastric pain after eating, weight loss, Helicobacter pylori Duodenal ulcer Epigastric pain with empty stomach relieved…

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Intermittent Episodes of Sweating, Palpitations, and Hypertension

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Intermittent Episodes of Sweating, Palpitations, and Hypertension

Diagnosis History and physical Comments Pheochromocytoma Episodic hyperadrenergic symptoms (5 P’s): pressure (hypertension), pain (headache), perspiration, palpitation, pallor Associated with MEN 2, neurofibromatosis-1, and von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) Carcinoid syndrome…

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Chest and Back Pain

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Chest and Back Pain

Fig. 7.1 Chest radiograph on admission showing widening of the upper mediastinum Diagnosis What is the Differential Diagnosis? Condition History and physical Aortic dissection Sudden onset of tearing chest pain…

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Postoperative Decreased Urine Output

May 13, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Postoperative Decreased Urine Output

Type Causes Pathophysiology Prerenal Hypovolemia (postsurgical bleeding, dehydration), decreased cardiac output (heart failure) Inadequate perfusion of a normal functioning kidney Intrinsic/ renal Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) (e.g., renal artery occlusion;…

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