Kidney Disorders
Chapter 19 Kidney Disorders I. Renal Function Overview A. Excretes harmful waste products • Examples—urea, creatinine, uric acid B. Maintains acid–base homeostasis (refer to Chapter 4) • Controls the synthesis…
Genetic and Developmental Disorders
Chapter 5 Genetic and Developmental Disorders I. Mutations • Mutations are a permanent change in DNA. A. Point mutations • Mutation involving a change in a single nucleotide base within…
Vascular Disorders
Chapter 9 Vascular Disorders I. Lipoprotein Disorders A. Lipoprotein fractions 1. Chylomicron (Fig. 9-1A) a. Transports diet-derived triglyceride (TG) in the blood b. Composition (1) Protein (2%) (2) TG (87%)…
Lymphoid Tissue Disorders
Chapter 13 Lymphoid Tissue Disorders I. Lymphadenopathy A. Locations of lymphoid tissue 1. Locations a. Regional lymph nodes b. Tonsils and adenoids (Waldeyer’s ring) c. Peyer’s patches and appendix d….
Inflammation and Repair
Chapter 2 Inflammation and Repair I. Acute Inflammation (AI) AI: chemical, vascular, cellular responses A. Definition 1. Transient and early response to injury 2. Involves release of chemical mediators 3….
Cell Injury
Chapter 1 Cell Injury I. Tissue Hypoxia A. Hypoxia 1. Hypoxia refers to inadequate oxygenation of tissue. Hypoxia: inadequate oxygenation of tissue 2. Inadequate oxygen (O2) decreases synthesis of adenosine…
Immunopathology
Chapter 3 Immunopathology I. Cells of the Immune System (Table 3-1) A. Innate (natural, nonspecific) immunity TABLE 3-1. Types of Immune Cells Innate immunity: first defense against pathogens 1. Nonspecific…
White Blood Cell Disorders
Chapter 12 White Blood Cell Disorders I. Benign Qualitative White Blood Cell Disorders A. Pathogenesis 1. Defects in leukocyte structure • Example—membrane fusion defect in Chédiak-Higashi syndrome (refer to Chapters…
Skin Disorders
Chapter 24 Skin Disorders I. Skin Histology and Terminology A. Normal skin histology 1. Epidermis a. Stratum basalis Stratum basalis: stem cells for division (1) Actively dividing stem cells along…
