Energy Needs: Assessment and Requirements1 Nancy F. Butte Benjamin Caballero 1Abbreviations: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BAT, brown adipose tissue; BEE, basal energy expenditure; BMR, basal metabolic rate; CO2, carbon dioxide; DLW,…
Lipids, Sterols, and Their Metabolites1 Peter J. H. Jones Todd Rideout 1Abbreviations: AI, adequate intake; Apo, apolipoprotein (with modifier; e.g., Apo-A); ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BS, bile salt; CE, cholesteryl ester;…
Dietary Fiber1 Holly J. Willis Joanne L. Slavin 1Abbreviations: ADA, American Dietetic Association; AI, adequate intake; CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; GI, gastrointestinal;…
Proteins and Amino Acids1 Dwight E. Matthews 1Abbreviations: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; AV; arteriovenous; BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; CO2, carbon dioxide; CoA, coenzyme A; DAAO, direct amino acid oxidation; EAR, estimated…
Carbohydrates1 Nancy L. Keim Roy J. Levin Peter J. Havel 1Abbreviations: ACC, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase; AI, adequate intake; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; Ca2+, calcium; ChoRE, carbohydrate response element; ChREBP, carbohydrate-responsive element…
