Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis
MITRAL REGURGITATION ETIOLOGY MR may result from an abnormality or disease process that affects any one or more of the five functional components of the mitral valve apparatus (leaflets, annulus,…
Hypoglycemia
419 Diabetes Mellitus: Complications Alvin C. Powers Diabetes-related complications affect many organ systems and are responsible for the majority of morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Strikingly, in…
Arterial Diseases of the Extremities
TABLE 298-10 USUAL INTRAVENOUS DOSES OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS USED IN HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIESa Malignant hypertension is a syndrome associated with an abrupt increase of blood pressure in a patient with underlying…
Chlamydial Infections
Clinical findings, nonmicrobiologic laboratory tests, and chest radiography are not useful for differentiating M. pneumoniae pneumonia from other types of community-acquired pneumonia. In addition, since M. pneumoniae lacks a cell…
Tubulointerstitial Diseases of the Kidney
339 Polycystic Kidney Disease and Other Inherited Disorders of Tubule Growth and Development Jing Zhou, Martin R. Pollak The polycystic kidney diseases are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders and…
Trigeminal Neuralgia, Bell’s Palsy, and Other Cranial Nerve Disorders
452 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Diseases Robert H. Brown, Jr. AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of progressive motor neuron…
Multiple Sclerosis and Other Demyelinating Diseases
456 Diseases of the Spinal Cord Stephen L. Hauser, Allan H. Ropper Diseases of the spinal cord are frequently devastating. They produce quadriplegia, paraplegia, and sensory deficits far beyond…
Evaluation and Management of Obesity
FIGURE 415e-3 Factors released by the adipocyte that can affect peripheral tissues. IL-6, interleukin 6; PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor; RBP4, retinal binding protein 4; TNF, tumor necrosis factor. ETIOLOGY OF OBESITY…
The Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Atherosclerosis
289e Tumors and Trauma of the Heart Eric H. Awtry, Wilson S. Colucci TUMORS OF THE HEART PRIMARY TUMORS Primary tumors of the heart are rare. Approximately three-quarters are histologically…
