Basicmedical Key

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Matthew M. Yeh, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Idiopathic chronic cholestatic autoimmune liver disease in which intrahepatic bile ducts are progressively destroyed by nonsuppurative inflammation Clinical Issues…

Echinococcosis Kari D. Caradine, MD Key Facts Terminology Zoonosis caused by larval stages of cestodes of genus Echinococcus Etiology/Pathogenesis Humans infected accidentally by exposure to contaminated feces Clinical Issues Right…

Schistosomiasis Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Terminology Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis is caused primarily by S. japonicum and S. mansoni Clinical Issues Cercariae exit snail, penetrate skin of vertebrate host, mature in…

Amebiasis Laura Webb Lamps, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Liver abscess is most frequent complication of invasive amebiasis Clinical Issues Elevated alkaline phosphatase, leukocytosis common Fever and RUQ pain Macroscopic Features…

Cryptococcosis Kari D. Caradine, MD Key Facts Terminology Infection by fungus Cryptococcus neoformans Usually hematogenously disseminated disease with multiorgan system involvement Etiology/Pathogenesis Found in soil, most abundant in avian habitats,…

Histoplasmosis Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis H. capsulatum: Dimorphic fungus found in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings Clinical Issues Endemic in Ohio and Mississippi River valleys Disseminated…

Atypical Mycobacteria Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Terminology Infection by mycobacteria other than tuberculosis or leprosy Etiology/Pathogenesis Exposure is almost inevitable due to ubiquitous presence of atypical mycobacteria as environmental…

Candidiasis Laura Webb Lamps, MD Key Facts Terminology Candidiasis is most common disseminated fungal infection in immunocompromised hosts Rarely seen in immunocompetent patients Macroscopic Features Yellow-white nodules Usually multiple Microscopic…

Cat Scratch Disease Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Terminology Self-limited infection by Bartonella species after inoculation by cat Clinical Issues Most cases are children 5-10 years of age 25% of…

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues In primary TB, liver is usually involved as part of disseminated TB Reactivation TB can involve liver along with lungs or…