Chapter 3 Irritable bowel syndrome constipation-predominant (C-IBS) Jason Hawrelak, ND, B Nat (Hons), phD AETIOLOGY Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterised by altered bowel habit and…
Chapter 17 Thyroid abnormalities Tini Gruner, ND, PhD, MSc AETIOLOGY The main function of the thyroid is to produce hormones that regulate the metabolic rate of all cells, energy, cell…
Chapter 34 Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) James H. Lake, MD EPIDEMIOLOGY, AETIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION The worldwide prevalence rate of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been estimated…
Appendix 7 Traditional Chinese medicine: the six evils Traditional Chinese medicine identifies six pernicious influences or environmental factors playing a role in disease. Combinations of these may also manifest. These…
Chapter 24 Acne vulgaris Amie Steel, ND, MPH AETIOLOGY Acne vulgaris is a condition typified by inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicles in the skin.1 It is characterised by a variety…
Appendix 9 Traditional Chinese medicine: pulse diagnosis Aside from the aforementioned, the pulse may be felt on three levels: superficial, middle and deep, pertaining to the force of pressure applied…
Chapter 9 Atherosclerosis and dyslipidaemia Michael Alexander, ND, BPharm EPIDEMIOLOGY AND AETIOLOGY The association between elevated serum cholesterol and coronary heart disease (CHD) was first reported in the 1930s, and…
Chapter 10 Hypertension and stroke Michael Alexander, ND, BPharm EPIDEMIOLOGY AND AETIOLOGY Hypertension or high blood pressure (BP) is a sustained rise in resting blood pressure. Persistent systolic blood pressure…
Chapter 12 Clinical depression Jerome Sarris, ND, MHSc, PhD CLASSIFICATION, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND AETIOLOGY Depression is associated with normal emotions of sadness and loss, and can be seen as part of…
Chapter 33 Bipolar disorder with psychotic symptoms James H. Lake, MD EPIDEMIOLOGY, AETIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION Bipolar disorder (BD) is a heritable mental illness. Approximately 1% of US adults experience persisting…
