nervous system
11 The nervous system Medical students often approach the neurological examination with trepidation, no doubt partly because of the complexities of the nervous system and partly because of the difficulties…
heart and cardiovascular system
6 The heart and cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system is fundamental to the functioning of almost every other organ system. Despite the availability of many sophisticated imaging techniques, which will…
general examination
2 The general examination The dividing line between the history and examination is artificial. The examination really begins from the moment you set eyes on the patient. During the course…
joints and muscle
10 Bone, joints and muscle The skeleton provides protection for the internal organs along with a strengthening and support system for the limbs. The presence of joints in the limbs…
hair and nails
3 Skin, hair and nails This chapter aims to familiarise you with the clinical features of skin disease and illustrates some of the more common skin disorders. The relatively sparse…
and children
12 Infants and children One of the challenges of paediatric medicine and child health is dealing with a range of patients, from the preterm newborn weighing less than 1 kg to…
breasts and genitalia
8 Female breasts and genitalia The clinical assessment of the reproductive system is often neglected in routine examinations because of patients’ discomfort and embarrassment and because of doctors’ reluctance to…
respiratory system
5 The respiratory system Disease of the respiratory tract accounts for more consultations with general practitioners than any other of the body systems. It is also responsible for more new…
nose and throat
4 Ear, nose and throat The ear Structure of the ear A diagrammatic cross-section of the external, middle and inner parts of the ear is shown in Figure 4.1. Fig….
