Inflammatory Biomarkers for Cancer
First author Publication year Country No. of UC patients SIRa Reference Stewenius 1995 Sweden 471 2.1 PMID:7636371 Wandall 2000 Denmark 801 1.7 PMID:10766327 Palli 2000 Italy 689 1.8 PMID:10982757 Jess…
Drivers of EMT and Immune Evasion
Fig. 9.1 TAM-regulated suppression of inflammatory response in sentinel cells of the innate immune system. Activation of TLR results in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are in positive feed-forward…
The Influence of Tissue Architecture on Drug Response: Anticancer Drug Development in High-Dimensional Combinatorial Microenvironment Platforms
Fig. 18.1 Examples of MEArray platforms While these array platforms create caricatures of in vivo microenvironments, they enable researchers to functionally define molecular components that maintain adult and embryonic stem…
Stromal PDGF Receptors as Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers
Fig. 5.1 Schematic illustration of binding specificities of the five PDGF isoforms and the structural organization of the PDGF receptors PDGF-BB, and PDGF-AA dimers composed of the longer splice variant,…
Inflammation and Cancer: The Role of Lipid Signaling in the Continuum Between Two Ends of the Tumor Spectrum
Fig. 7.1 Arachidonic acid metabolism via cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Lipids highlighted include PGE2, LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, LTE4, 11,12-EET, and 14,15-EET for their diverse roles…
Cancer Immunity and Immune Evasion Mechanisms
Evasion strategy Mechanism Impaired tumor antigen presentation • Downregulation of tumor antigens or antigen-processing machinery (e.g., lack of LMP and TAP proteins) [8] • Downregulation of MHC genes [9] Impaired trafficking of…
Tissue-Based Biomarkers of Tumor-Vascular Interactions
Fig. 3.1 Microvascular proliferation: microvessels in red (factor VIII) with some dividing endothelial cells in blue (Ki67). Tumor cells (to the left) show high degree of proliferation (Ki67-positive nuclei) In…
The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Regulating Angiogenesis
Fig. 1.1 Schematic diagram of tissue architecture with regard to the spatial distribution of cellular and extracellular components In other words, in order to expand in size beyond the diffusion…
The Function and Diagnostic Potential of Adipocyte-Derived Factors in the Tumor Microenvironment
Fig. 6.1 The tumor microenvironment. Here we show the variety of host-derived stromal cells that are involved in mediating tumor progression. Tumor cells secrete factors that remodel the ECM and…
