Basicmedical Key

222 Lymphadenopathy Instruction Perform a general examination. Examine this patient’s neck. Salient features History and examination Use the mnemonic ALL AGES to approach a patient with lymphadenopathy: ALL: Age at…

223 Crohn’s disease Instruction These patients have chronic diarrhoea. Examine this patient’s face (Patient 3). Examine this patient’s abdomen (Patients 1 and 2). Comment on this patient’s perianal area (Patient…

199 Urticaria pigmentosa Instruction Look at this patient’s skin. Salient features History • Urticaria with pruritus on trauma, rubbing or heat: Darier’s sign • Headache • Diarrhoea • Itching. Examination…

207 Retinitis pigmentosa Instruction Examine this patient’s fundus. Examine this patient’s eyes. Salient features History • Family history of blindness (can be autosomal recessive, which is more severe, or autosomal…

204 Optic atrophy Instruction Examine this patient’s eyes. Examine this patient’s fundus. Salient features History • Visual loss: onset of symptoms depends on underlying aetiology • History of multiple sclerosis…

195 Seborrhoeic dermatitis Instruction Comment on this patient’s skin. Salient features History • History of itching • History of Parkinson’s disease, strokes and HIV. Examination • Greasy scales overlying erythematous…

197 Urticaria Instruction Look at the skin of this patient, who has recurrent lesions. Salient features History • Determine physical causes that could have precipitated this response: cold urticaria, dermatographism…

196 Molluscum contagiosum Instruction Look at these skin lesions. Salient features History • Ask the patient whether there are similar lesions elsewhere (particularly genitals). Examination • Multiple rounded, dome-shaped, waxy…

190 Fungal nail disease Instruction Look at this patient’s toenails. Salient features History • Embarrassment from a cosmetic perspective • Mechanical problems including the fact that nails get snagged in…

189 Erythema nodosum Instruction Look at this patient’s shins. Salient features History • Elicit a history of: • fever (may precede the skin lesions by 1–7 days) • painful nodules…