Basicmedical Key

206 Subhyaloid haemorrhage Instruction Examine this patient’s fundus. Salient features History • Sudden, painless loss of vision • Sudden appearance of floaters and black spots with or without flashing lights…

202 Hypertensive retinopathy Instruction Examine this patient’s eyes. Examine this patient’s fundus. Salient features History • Usually no ocular symptoms • History of hypertension. Examination • Arteriovenous nipping (Fig. 202.1)…

198 Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) Instruction Look at this patient’s skin. Salient features History • Age (usually fifth and seventh decade) • Pruritus. Examination • Itchy, brownish-red plaques on…

205 Retinal vein thrombosis Instruction Examine these patient eyes, including the fundus. Salient features History • Age: central retinal vein occlusions arise in 0·1–0·4% and branch retinal vein occlusions in…

185 Alopecia areata Instruction Examine this patient’s scalp. Salient features History • Young adult (75% of patients are below the age of 40 years) • History of atopy • Ask…

182 Pyoderma gangrenosum Instruction Look at this patient’s skin. Salient features History • Diarrhoea (inflammatory bowel disease) • Joint pains (rheumatoid arthritis) • Leukaemia, multiple myeloma. Examination • Necrotic ulcer…

177 Rosacea Instruction Look at this patient. Salient features History • Age (typically occurs between the ages of 30 and 50 years) • Intermittent facial flushing • Blushing of the…

191 Lichen simplex chronicus (neurodermatitis) Instruction Look at this patient’s skin. Salient features History • Itching (self-perpetuating scratch-itch cycle). Examination • Several scratch marks (from pruritus) • Well-circumscribed plaque with…

243 Gingival hypertrophy Instruction Look at this patient’s mouth. Salient features History • Drugs (phenytoin, ciclosporin, nifedipine) (Fig. 243.1) • Leukaemia (myelomonocytic leukaemia) (Fig. 243.2) • Wegener’s granuloma (Fig. 243.3)….

184 Acne vulgaris Instruction Look at this patient. Salient features History • Steroid ingestion • Isoniazid ingestion • Occupational exposure to oils (oil-induced acne). Examination • Comedones or blackheads (Fig….