Abdominal masses
125 Abdominal masses Patient 1 Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features Examination There is an epigastric mass. Diagnosis Differential diagnosis: • Carcinoma of the stomach: look for supraclavicular lymph…
Unilateral palpable kidney
124 Unilateral palpable kidney Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • Nephrectomy • Congenital absence of kidney • History of azotaemia, dialysis. Examination • One kidney is palpable…
Polycystic kidneys
121 Polycystic kidneys Instruction This patient gives a history of intermittent haematuria, obtain a brief history and examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • Acute loin pain and/or haematuria…
Transplanted kidney
122 Transplanted kidney Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • History of chronic renal failure: determine duration, aetiology (diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis) • History of haemodialysis • History of…
Primary biliary cirrhosis
117 Primary biliary cirrhosis Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • Pruritus: affecting half of affected patients, more common in men • Fatigue: commonest symptom • Lethargy and…
Dextrocardia
26 Dextrocardia Instruction Examine this patient’s precordium. Listen to this patient’s heart. Salient features History • Asymptomatic • Obtain history of cough with purulent expectoration (bronchiectasis) and sinusitis. Examination •…
Cirrhosis of the liver
113 Cirrhosis of the liver Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • History of fatigue, weight loss, jaundice • History of alcohol abuse • History of hepatitis B,…
Expressive dysphasia
49 Expressive dysphasia Instruction Ask this patient a few questions. Salient features History • Patient has difficulty in finding the appropriate words. Examination • Assess the patient’s ability to find…
Hepatomegaly
112 Hepatomegaly Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • Shortness of breath, leg oedema (heart failure) • History of alcohol ingestion, cirrhosis • History of malignancies (secondaries in…
