C. Classification (Tables 19-1 and 19-2) D. Pharmacokinetics (see Table 19-1) 1. The principal difference in pharmacokinetics between all the β-adrenergic receptor antagonists is the elimination half-time ranging from brief for esmolol (about…
A. Heart 1. The heart increases in size during aging as a result of concentric ventricular hypertrophy that occurs in response to the increase in left ventricular afterload. 2. The heart rate response…
A. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most broadly prescribed class of antidepressants and are the drugs of choice for the treatment of mild to moderate depression. Compared with tricyclic…
II. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgical Procedures A. The use of antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery involves a risk-to-benefit evaluation, which varies depending on the nature of the operative procedure (Table 41-2). It is…
B. The nature of the connecting hydrocarbon chain is the basis for classifying drugs that produce conduction blockade of nerve impulses as ester local anesthetics or amide local anesthetics (Fig. 10-2)….
A. Pharmacokinetics 1. Heparin is a highly charged acidic molecule administered by intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous injection. 2. The precise pathway of heparin elimination is uncertain, and the influence of renal and hepatic…
B. With just blood gas and common serum biochemistry data, we can manage the majority of clinical acid–base disorders. C. The central focus of treating acid–base disturbances is the understanding of the…
1. The Glomerulus a. Glomeruli are found in the renal cortex and consist of a tuft of capillaries surrounded by Bowman’s capsule, the dilated blind end of the renal tubule. Glomerular capillaries…
A. Epinephrine is a circulating hormone synthesized, stored, and released from the adrenal medulla. Its natural functions upon release into the circulation include regulation of myocardial contractility, heart rate, vascular and…
