Figure 6.1 DeBakey and Stanford classification of aortic dissection. The DeBakey classification system categorizes dissections based on the origin of the intimal tear and the extent of the dissection: Type…
Figure 5.1 Aortic dissection classification: DeBakey and Stanford classification as the currently most frequently used classification systems for aortic dissection Prevalence of Risk Factors Aortic dissection and its variants are…
Absence of family history Aortic root dilatationa or aortic root dissection AND ectopia lentis Aortic root dilatationa or aortic root dissection AND FBN1 mutation Aortic root dilatationa or aortic root…
Figure 3.1 Age at surgery according to the type of TAA Actually, available literature about TAA is limited, and there has been very few medical studies in this group of…
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of origins of PAR ligands in the skin. Figure shows cross section through the skin. The proteases originate from endogenous sources including keratinocytes and immune cells…
Neuraxial opioids Treatment drug and doses Outcomes and conclusion References Intrathecal morphine 10–320 μg Intravenous nalmefene (MOP antagonist) 10–32 μg/kg Effective Scratching responses: ↓ Ko and Naughton (2000) Intrathecal morphine 32 μg Intramuscular…
Fig. 1 Sharpening sensory acuity through lateral interaction. In the visual system, a center-surround receptive field sharpens the spatial input for visual acuity. By analogy, a stimulus-counter-stimulus receptive field may…
Fig. 1 Keratinocytes, epidermal immune cells, and sensory neuron afferents communicate via cell–cell signaling factors. Keratinocytes release factors that influence immune cell activity (A), such as chemokines and cytokines. Immune…
Qualitatively different from ACTH-(1–24)-elicited body groominga Mechanistically different from the scratching associated with ODT8-SS, a somatostatin analogueb Also observed after intraperiaqueductalb gray infusion and intrathecal administrationc but not after intravenous…
