Fig. 9.1 TAM-regulated suppression of inflammatory response in sentinel cells of the innate immune system. Activation of TLR results in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are in positive feed-forward…
Fig. 18.1 Examples of MEArray platforms While these array platforms create caricatures of in vivo microenvironments, they enable researchers to functionally define molecular components that maintain adult and embryonic stem…
Fig. 5.1 Schematic illustration of binding specificities of the five PDGF isoforms and the structural organization of the PDGF receptors PDGF-BB, and PDGF-AA dimers composed of the longer splice variant,…
Fig. 7.1 Arachidonic acid metabolism via cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Lipids highlighted include PGE2, LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, LTE4, 11,12-EET, and 14,15-EET for their diverse roles…
Evasion strategy Mechanism Impaired tumor antigen presentation • Downregulation of tumor antigens or antigen-processing machinery (e.g., lack of LMP and TAP proteins) [8] • Downregulation of MHC genes [9] Impaired trafficking of…
Fig. 3.1 Microvascular proliferation: microvessels in red (factor VIII) with some dividing endothelial cells in blue (Ki67). Tumor cells (to the left) show high degree of proliferation (Ki67-positive nuclei) In…
Fig. 1.1 Schematic diagram of tissue architecture with regard to the spatial distribution of cellular and extracellular components In other words, in order to expand in size beyond the diffusion…
Fig. 6.1 The tumor microenvironment. Here we show the variety of host-derived stromal cells that are involved in mediating tumor progression. Tumor cells secrete factors that remodel the ECM and…
Chapter 6EMERGENCIES This chapter covers the most common medical and surgical emergencies you are likely to see as a foundation doctor or whilst in A&E. We have provided common algorithms…
