Histoplasmosis Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis H. capsulatum: Dimorphic fungus found in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings Clinical Issues Endemic in Ohio and Mississippi River valleys Disseminated…

Atypical Mycobacteria Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Terminology Infection by mycobacteria other than tuberculosis or leprosy Etiology/Pathogenesis Exposure is almost inevitable due to ubiquitous presence of atypical mycobacteria as environmental…

Candidiasis Laura Webb Lamps, MD Key Facts Terminology Candidiasis is most common disseminated fungal infection in immunocompromised hosts Rarely seen in immunocompetent patients Macroscopic Features Yellow-white nodules Usually multiple Microscopic…

Cat Scratch Disease Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Terminology Self-limited infection by Bartonella species after inoculation by cat Clinical Issues Most cases are children 5-10 years of age 25% of…

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues In primary TB, liver is usually involved as part of disseminated TB Reactivation TB can involve liver along with lungs or…

Pyogenic Abscess Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Most commonly isolated organisms are Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. Anaerobes are isolated in up to…

Sepsis in the Liver Laura Webb Lamps, MD Key Facts Terminology Spectrum of hepatic injury in patients with sepsis or bacteremia Etiology/Pathogenesis Usually caused by sepsis from underlying bacterial pneumonia…

Hepatitis C Kusa Terianm, MD Key Facts Terminology Hepatitis, usually chronic, secondary to hepatitis C virus infection Clinical Issues Liver biopsy is performed to grade and stage disease and exclude…

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis Joseph Misdraji, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis PFIC1 (FIC1 disease) is due to mutations of ATP8B1 (FIC1 gene) PFIC2 (BSEP disease) is due to mutations of ABCB11…

Hereditary Hemochromatosis Matthew M. Yeh, MD, PhD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Mutation in HFE gene (C282Y and H63D) or non-HFE gene Clinical Issues Classic triad: Cirrhosis, diabetes, skin pigmentation Microscopic Pathology…