Rickettsia and Related Organisms Rickettsia and related organisms are obligate intracellular gram-negative organisms that belong to the subdivision of α-proteobacteria, with a lifecycle that includes both vertebrate and invertebrate (arthropods)…

Mycoplasma Alvaro C. Laga Philip T. Cagle Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is typically a disease of otherwise healthy adolescents and adults and is a common pathogen in this population. Approximately 20%…

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (Idiopathic Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia) Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), formerly termed idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (idiopathic BOOP),…

Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is defined as a chronic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that is temporally “uniform” (the process…

Pneumoconioses Pneumoconioses are changes in the lung parenchyma in response to inhalation of inorganic dusts. The type and severity of parenchymal reaction to an inhaled dust depends on the type…

Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle The American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society define usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) as the pathologic abnormality…

Acute Interstitial Pneumonia Abida K. Haque Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) is the pathologic correlate of Hamman-Rich syndrome, a rapidly progressive interstitial fibrosis of unknown etiology. The onset of shortness of…

Lung Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Alvaro C. Laga Anna Sienko Philip T. Cagle Pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease is rare and can present as airway, interstitial, or pleural…

Honeycomb Lung Roberto Barrios Timothy C. Allen Hakan Çermik’s A large number of lung diseases, of varying etiologies, exhibit the same end-stage fibrotic pattern of honeycomb lung. Diseases that have…