Toxoplasma Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Synonym Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenopathy. Epidemiology Toxoplasmosis is a common parasitic disease worldwide. The infection, which is mostly asymptomatic, is…
Introduction Parasitic protozoa are major causes of disease, particularly in developing countries. They do not secrete exotoxins but are able, according to species, to colonize the gastrointestinal tract, invade the…
Pneumocystis Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci. Synonym Pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly P. carinii) infection of lymph nodes. Epidemiology Although P. jiroveci organisms are ubiquitous in…
Coccidioidomycosis Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with the fungus Coccidioides immitis. Epidemiology Coccidioidomycosis is endemic in the southwestern United States, particularly the San Joaquin Valley in southern California, Arizona,…
Histoplasma Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. Epidemiology Histoplasmosis is endemic in Central America and in the river valleys of the midwestern and south-central United…
Cryptococcus Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with Cryptococcus neoformans. Epidemiology Cryptococcus neoformans has worldwide distribution. It is found in aged pigeon feces and bird nests, where it remains viable…
Mycobacterium Leprae Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae. Epidemiology About 5.5 million people are estimated to have leprosy around the world, with the majority of cases occurring…
Introduction In the population at large, mycotic infections are generally restricted to the skin; however, in persons debilitated by chronic disease, treated for long periods with broad-spectrum antibiotics, or immunosuppressed…
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis A. Atypical Mycobacterial Lymphadenitides Definition Lymphadenitides caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Synonym Nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitides. Etiology A variety of mycobacteria, referred to as nontuberculous or atypical, are widely…
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis Definition Lymphadenitis caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Synonym Tuberculous lymphadenitis. Epidemiology Tuberculosis was for centuries one of the most severe human diseases and, although its incidence…
