The Brain Stem
Figure III-5-1. Brain: Mid-Sagittal Section Figure III-5-2. Brain: Inferior View Figure III-5-3. Brain Stem and Cranial Nerve: Surface Anatomy Afferent fibers of cranial nerves enter the central nervous system (CNS)…
GENERAL SURGERY
The Spinal Cord
Figure III-4-1. Cross Section of Spinal Cord and Parts of Spinal Nerve Dorsal horn: rexed laminae I–VI Ventral horn: rexed laminae VIII–IX Intermediate zone: lamina VII Table III-4-1. General Spinal…
Basal Ganglia
General Features The basal ganglia initiate and provide gross control over skeletal muscle movements. The major components of the basal ganglia include: Striatum, which consists of the caudate nucleus and…
Ventricular System
Figure III-3-1. Ventricles and CSF Circulation Note A total of 400–500 cc of CSF is produced per day; ventricles and subarachnoid space contain 90–150 cc, so all of CSF is…
Nervous System Organization and Development
FigureIII-1-1.Development of Nervous System Clinical Correlate Axonal polyneuropathies produce distal “glove-and-stocking” weakness or sensory deficits, and are related to axonal transport failure. Diabetes mellitus patients present with sensory neuropathies. Central…
Diencephalon
Thalamic Nuclei Input Output VPL Sensory from body and limbs Somatosensory cortexVPM Sensory from face, taste Somatosensory cortex VA/VL Motor info from BG, cerebellum Motor corticesLGB Visual from optic tract…
The Cerebellum
Figure III-6-1. Cerebellum TableIII-6-1. Cerebellum Region Function Principle Input Vermis and intermediate zones Ongoing motor execution Spinal cord Hemisphere (lateral) Planning/coordination Cerebral cortex and inferior olivary nucleus Flocculonodular lobe Balance…
