Chapter 2 Naturopathic diagnostic techniques Niikee Schoendorfer, ND, MHSc INTRODUCTION An important aspect of naturopathic clinical practice is the use of diagnostic techniques to ascertain the patient’s state of health…
Chapter 30 Paediatrics Vicki Mortimer, ND, RN, RM OVERVIEW OF PAEDIATRIC CONSIDERATIONS Working with children can be extremely rewarding, but it is very different from treating adults. Children often face…
Chapter 23 Fibromyalgia Leslie Axelrod, ND, LAc AETIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) definition of fibromyalgia (FM) has been based on generalised pain as the primary…
Chapter 22 Osteoarthritis Paul J. Orrock, ND, RN, MAppSC, DO DEFINITION AND AETIOLOGY Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative joint disease, is primarily a disease of ageing, as 90% of all people…
Chapter 32 Ageing and cognition Christina Kure, ND, BAppSci OVERVIEW AND AETIOLOGY Ageing is a multidimensional process comprising physical, psychological and social factors that vary and interact over the life…
Chapter 15 Adrenal exhaustion Tini Gruner, ND, MSc, PhD AETIOLOGY Stress Hans Selye, in 1935, was the first to develop a theory of stress. When he imposed different types of…
Chapter 28 Autoimmunity Joanne Bradbury, ND, BNat (Hons) OVERVIEW Autoimmunity is a normal event, while autoimmune diseases result from an aberration of this normal phenomenon.1 Autoimmune diseases are characterised by…
Chapter 16 Diabetes type 2 Tini Gruner, ND, PhD, MSc AETIOLOGY Diabetes type 2, in contrast to type 1, is a lifestyle disease. It has become a public health burden…
Appendix 4 Laboratory reference values The reference values and ranges for these blood tests are given in the system of international units (SI) and are based on guidelines from the…
