Methods of Safe Handling of Radionuclides and Pertaining Rules and Regulations Any use of radionuclides is fraught with the danger of inadvertently exposing an individual to radiation, and therefore to…

Biologic Effects of Radiation and Risk Evaluation from Radiation Exposure Interaction of radiation with biologic systems results in a variety of biologic changes that can be either deleterious or benign….

Detectability or Final Contrast in an Image An imaging devise should ideally detect the smallest possible localized or focal abnormalities (lesions) that may be present in an organ. Because of…

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) In this chapter, we elaborate on the principles of PET, including instrumentation, relevant physical phenomena and corrections in image reconstruction, and quality assurance. As was discussed…

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography This chapter provides an in-depth overview of SPECT, including instrumentation, quality assurance, as well as compensation methods for image reconstruction. Two overall methods for data acquisition…

Emission Computed Tomography (ECT), General Principles Two-dimensional imaging, even with multiple views, does not provide accurate three-dimensional information concerning radionuclide distribution. Because two-dimensional imaging more or less integrates the information…

Operational Characteristics and Quality Control (QC) of a Scintillation Camera A number of parameters of an imaging device play a major role in the delineation of a radioactive distribution. Of…

Computer Interfacing and Image Processing Computers continue to impress with their ability to store ever larger amounts of information in a small space, to process information very quickly, including mathematical…

In Vivo Radiation Detection: Basic Problems, Probes, and Scintillation Camera In vivo detection of radioactivity using external detectors constitutes a major concern of nuclear medicine. This involves a variety of…