Fig. 26.1 Right mid-shaft humerus fracture (With kind permission from Springer Science + Business Media: Skeletal Radiol, The “rising bubble” sign: a new aid in the diagnosis of unicameral bone cysts, 38,…
Condition Comments Prehepatic (hemolytic) Hemolytic anemia Pallor, fatigue, shortness of breath Gilbert’s syndrome Benign condition triggered by overexertion, dehydration, menstruation, concurrent illness; decreased activity of the enzyme UDP-glucuronyl transferase Hepatic…
Disease Pathophysiology Acute calculous cholecystitis Obstruction of cystic duct by gallstone Choledocholithiasis Common bile duct (CBD) obstruction by gallstone Gallstone pancreatitis Transient obstruction of the distal CBD (and pancreatic duct)…
Lethal six Characteristics Airway obstruction Laryngeal trauma, foreign body aspiration, stridor, expanding neck hematoma, and gurgling Tension pneumothorax Hemodynamic instability, tracheal shift away from injury, one-way valve in injured lung…
Diagnosis History and Physical Viral laryngitis Acute onset of fever, sore throat, cough, and/or other symptoms consistent with upper respiratory tract infection Vocal cord paralysis Breathy voice, most commonly idiopathic…
Pathophysiology Comments Colon cancer Mass causes mechanical LBO History of weight loss, change in bowel habits, bloody stools Volvulus (sigmoid or cecal) Twisting of colon causes mechanical LBO Sigmoid…
Condition History and physical Features Fibrocystic change Vague irregularity of breast tissue (lumpy breast), often in upper quadrants, cysts have a blue-dome appearance on exam Most common breast mass in…
Select benign calcifications Skin calcifications May be secondary to dermatitis or hygiene products (e.g., deodorants, ointments) Vascular calcifications Linear or parallel tracks; may be associated with underlying vascular disease Coarse…
Condition Comments Necrotizing soft tissue infection Acute infection of the deep fascia, often with crepitus, bullae, and necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue, mixed flora Cellulitis Infection of the deep dermis…
Diagnosis Malignant? Comments Junctional nevi No Dark, flat, smooth lesions. They are occasionally hairy and develop from the basal layer of epidermis. Nevi that are located on the palms and…
