Diagnosis Specific findings Duodenal atresia “Double bubble” on AXR, no distal bowel gas Hirschsprung’s disease Transition zone (caliber change) on contrast enema, absence of ganglion cells with hypertrophied nerve trunks…
(1) Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Question Sets and Answers Acute Care Surgery Christian de Virgilio2 and Areg Grigorian3 (2) Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA,…
Diagnosis Pathophysiology Comments Epidural hematoma (EDH) Laceration of middle meningeal artery by temporal bone fracture (blood accumulates between the dura and skull) Classic presentation: brief loss of consciousness, followed by…
Diagnosis Comments Gastritis Nausea, bloating, dyspepsia, NSAID abuse, Helicobacter pylori, alcohol abuse Gastric ulcer Epigastric pain after eating, weight loss, Helicobacter pylori Duodenal ulcer Epigastric pain with empty stomach relieved…
Diagnosis History and physical Comments Pheochromocytoma Episodic hyperadrenergic symptoms (5 P’s): pressure (hypertension), pain (headache), perspiration, palpitation, pallor Associated with MEN 2, neurofibromatosis-1, and von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) Carcinoid syndrome…
Fig. 7.1 Chest radiograph on admission showing widening of the upper mediastinum Diagnosis What is the Differential Diagnosis? Condition History and physical Aortic dissection Sudden onset of tearing chest pain…
Type Causes Pathophysiology Prerenal Hypovolemia (postsurgical bleeding, dehydration), decreased cardiac output (heart failure) Inadequate perfusion of a normal functioning kidney Intrinsic/ renal Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) (e.g., renal artery occlusion;…
Etiology Lab findings Comment Calcium supplementation None Hyperparathyroidism ↑ or high-normal PTH Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common outpatient cause of hypercalcemia Hyperthyroidism ↓ TSH Hyperthyroidism: increased bone reabsorption Immobility…
Condition Comments Surgical bleeding Bleeding from a major artery or vein that was missed during surgery must be ruled out first, especially in the immediate postoperative period Medications Inquire about…
Diseases managed medically Diseases managed surgically Acute gastroenteritis Antral web Gastroesophageal reflux disease Enteric duplication cyst Metabolic disorders (congenital adrenal hyperplasia, electrolyte imbalance, glycogen storage disease) Gastroesophageal reflux disease Pylorospasm…
