Hepatomegaly
112 Hepatomegaly Instruction Examine this patient’s abdomen. Salient features History • Shortness of breath, leg oedema (heart failure) • History of alcohol ingestion, cirrhosis • History of malignancies (secondaries in…
GENERAL & FAMILY MEDICINE
Homonymous hemianopia
41 Homonymous hemianopia Instruction Examine this patient’s eyes. Examine this patient’s visual fields. Salient features History • Patient bumps into things on one side and may have a history of…
Argyll Robertson pupil
39 Argyll Robertson pupil Instruction Examine this patient’s eyes. Salient features History • Ask the patient about lancinating pains • History of multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis or syphilis • Difficulty in…
Parkinson’s disease
45 Parkinson’s disease Instruction Examine this patient. Salient features History • Tremor: usually unilateral at onset; usually starts in upper limbs. Also seen in the legs and jaws • Rigidity:…
Central scotoma
43 Central scotoma Instruction Examine this patient’s visual fields. Salient features History • Sudden onset usually • Patient notices a ‘hole’ in the vision while reading a poster or looking…
Absent radial pulse
30 Absent radial pulse Instruction Examine this patient’s pulses. Salient features History • Past history of insertion of an arterial line for blood gases or arterial pressure • Systemic symptoms…
Holmes–Adie syndrome
40 Holmes–Adie syndrome Instruction Examine this patient’s eyes. Salient features History • The patient is usually a young woman • Impaired sweating • Onset may be acute. Examination • The…
Ptosis and Horner syndrome
38 Ptosis and Horner syndrome Instruction Examine this patient’s face. Salient features History • Ask the patient whether or not there is absence of sweating on one side of the…
Coarctation of aorta
27 Coarctation of aorta Instruction Examine this patient’s cardiovascular system. Salient features History • Asymptomatic usually • Symptoms are usually those of hypertension: headache, epistaxis, dizziness, and palpitations • Claudication…
Guillain–Barré syndrome
94 Guillain–Barré syndrome Instruction Examine this patient’s lower limbs, whose weakness began distally. Salient features History • Weakness: difficulty in rising up from standing position or climbing stairs, legs usually…
