Diseases Characterized by Genital, Anal, orPerianal Ulcers 1. General Management a. Genital herpes, syphilis, and chancroid have been associated with an increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and…
Symptoms and Signs Fever 1. Etiologies to think about a. Malaria, visceral leishmaniasis, African trypanosomiasis, Chagas’ disease, relapsing fever, rickettsial infections, arboviral diseases (e.g., dengue fever), rabies, typhoid/paratyphoid, leptospirosis, tuberculosis,…
Introduction Although most routine microbiology diagnostic laboratories process specimens for the diagnosis of parasitic infections, there are no best practice guidelines either for processing or for referral to specialist centers….
Abstract Male infertility affects men worldwide with about 20 percent of couples having male factor infertility [1]. The routine semen analysis is the first step in the assessment of male…
Abstract The year 2020 is the fortieth anniversary of the introduction of the concept of “sperm DNA fragmentation” as related to human and animal male factor fertility. This concept was…
Abstract Fertility, pregnancy and childbirth are connected and inseparable realities that ultimately need to combine to result in a “baby at home”; each one of these phenomena possesses their own…
Abstract Several sperm DNA integrity and chromatin quality assays have been developed and used for the detection of sperm DNA fragmentation and chromosomal aberrations [1, 2]. The Comet assay is…
Abstract Spermatozoa are mature male gametes that are produced in the testes of a healthy man by spermatogenesis, with further maturation of sperm taking place during their transit through the…
Abstract Infertility is a major public health concern affecting up to 25 percent of couples worldwide [1]. It is defined by the failure of a couple to achieve conception after…
Abstract Oxidative stress (OS) is the consequence of an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the failure of antioxidants to neutralize excessive ROS production. Although many sperm functions require…
