Chapter 3 Elbow Complex
3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Significance and Function of the Elbow Complex The function of the middle joint of the upper limb (elbow joint) is to increase or decrease the distance between…
Chapter 2 Shoulder Complex
2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Significance and Function of the Shoulder Region This chapter will consider the function and pathology of the shoulder region, or shoulder complex. The shoulder complex is one…
Chapter 1 Basic Principles
“You must be relaxed to have a good tactile sense” (A. Vleeming, Berlin, 2003) 1.1 Why Do Clinicians Need Surface Anatomy? The need to locate anatomical features on living subjects…
25. General Surgery
Wounds that have no gap separating the boundaries (e.g., clean surgical wounds) will undergo “primary healing,” from the apposed edges of the tissue. Wounds that have a large gap (e.g.,…
24. Biostatistics
“Lies, damned lies, and statistics with biases.” 24.1 Incidence and Prevalence Incidence Prevalence Definition Number of “new” cases/number of people at risk of acquiring that disease • During a specified…
18. Disorders of Sexual Development
“ We were working on puberty quote, but it’s not fully-developed yet.” 18.1 Introduction Genetic sex is determined at fertilization by the genetic content of the sperm cell. Gonadal sex…
17. Ethics
We hold these truths to be self-evident that all patients are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are autonomy, informed…
12. Allergy and Clinical Immunology
A tick bite from the Lone Star tick can trigger a severe allergy to red meat. This specific allergy is related to a carbohydrate called alpha-gal found in red meat….
1. Preventive Medicine
“Treatment without prevention is simply unsustainable.” —Bill Gates 1.1 Types of Prevention 1.2 General Screening Recommendations in Adults Start screening at the following age Patient group Screen for Testing modality…
Chapter 12 Thoracic Spine and Thoracic Cage
12.1 Significance and Function of the Thoracic Region The thoracic region is one of the stable and comparatively rigid sections of the vertebral column. Initially, this may appear to be…
