Fig. 9.1 Sagittal section of contrast-enhanced MRI scan showing apoplexy within pituitary tumour 9.2 Pathophysiology Pathophysiology of vasospasm following pituitary apoplexy remains unknown. Trans-diaphragmatic rupture of the sellar tumour into…
Symptoms or signs Percentage of patients Headache Up to 100 % Nausea and vomiting 40–70 % Meningeal irritation 25 % Photophobia 33 % Mental deterioration 20 % Ocular paresis (diplopia…
Fig. 10.1 Anatomy of the pituitary fossa and cavernous sinus (Adapted with kind permission from Gray (1918); Bartleby.com, 2000. www.bartleby.com/107) 10.4 Neuro-ophthalmological Signs in Acute Pituitary Apoplexy The literature describing…
Fig. 20.1 Preoperative Contrast MRI of the Brain reveal a sellar surprasellar mass lesion with significant subfrontal extension Lowerate bulging into Sphenoid Sinus: (a) Axial, (b, c) Sagittal and (d)…
Fig. 15.1 Enhanced CT scan on axial view (a) and sagittal T2-weighted MRI (b) showing a bilateral hypothalamic lymphoma with suprasellar extension, optic chiasm infiltration and brainstem involvement Fig. 15.2…
Precipitating factors in pituitary apoplexy Head trauma Major surgery – especially coronary artery bypass surgery, but also aortic abdominal aneurysm surgery, cholecystectomy, shoulder arthroplasty and others Hypotension Hypertension Pregnancy Oestrogen…
Mehmet Turgut, Ashok Kumar Mahapatra, Michael Powell and Natarajan Muthukumar (eds.)Pituitary Apoplexy201410.1007/978-3-642-38508-7_19 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 19. Timing of Surgery and Outcome in Pituitary Apoplexy Natarajan Muthukumar1 (1) Department of Neurosurgery, Madurai Medical College, Muruganagam, 138, Anna…
Author (years) Ayuk et al. (2004) Gruber et al. (2006) Sibal et al. (2004) Type of management Conservative Surgery P Conservative Surgery P Conservative Surgery P N 18 15 –…
Author Hormone deficiency (%) N Ayuk et al. (2004) Cortisol 72/87a 33 Thyroid 60/72 Gonadotrophin 67/83 Bills et al. (1993) Cortisol 82 33 Thyroid 89 Gonadotrophin 64 ADH 11 Da…
Study No. of participants ACTH Prolactin GH FSH or LH TSH Leyer et al. (2011) 40 2 (5 %) 4 (10 %) 3 (7.5 %) 0 0 Zhang et al….
