The Infectious Disease Process
11.1 The infectious disease process Studying infectious disease epidemiology is important for two different reasons. First, infectious disease epidemiology provided the original model for the study of disease on a…
Case Definitions and Disease Classification
16.1 Case definitions Establishing a case definition In this chapter, we consider criteria for defining cases and the standardized system of disease nomenclature known as the International Classification of Disease…
Equipment and Techniques
Fig. 2.1 Brief history of the universe. Courtesy Wikimedia Commons, [3] At the end of this era of radiation, we entered the era of matter, relating to the formation of the…
Physical and Biological Rationale for Using Ions in Therapy
Fig. 3.1 Energy loss by ionization. Multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS) with multiple events. Reproduced from Nunes [1] As mentioned, regarding the energy loss by ionization, −dE/dx corresponds to 1/β 2 and…
Introduction
Fig. 1.1 Artistic description of BNCT. The 10B atom, previously charged into the tumor cell, undergoes nuclear reaction when it absorbs a thermal neutron. The short-range, high linear energy transfer (LET)…
Clinical Experiences with Carbon Ion Therapy
Courtesy Prof. Dr. Gerhard Kraft 5.4 Carbon Ion Exploration in Future Clinical Trials Currently, clinical trial design is based on the assumption that the same biological effective dose is administered…
Modelling Heavy Ion Radiation Effects
Fig. 4.1 Treatment planning for carbon ions. Reproduced from: Scholz [3]. Courtesy Prof. Dr. Thomas Friedrich on behalf of Prof. Dr. M. Scholz Fig. 4.2 HIMAC approach. Reproduced from: Scholz [3]. Courtesy…
Responses of NADH to Physiological and Pathophysiological Conditions
(1) Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel KeywordsOxygen supply and NADHHypercapnia and hypocapniaBrain stimulationCortical spreading depressionEpilepsy and NADHHyperoxiaCarbon monoxideNADH and drugs 7.1 Introduction In Chap. 2, the…
Multisite Monitoring of NADH
(1) Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel KeywordsMultisite monitoring of NADHLow-temperature scanning of NADHTwo-site monitoring of heartMultiorgan monitoring in vivoNADH in spreading depression wave 6.1 Introduction The…
Technological Aspects of NADH Monitoring
(1) Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel KeywordsNADH monitoring fluorometersHemodynamic artifactsNADH calibration procedurePreparation for NADH monitoringProbe fixation to organs 4.1 Introduction As described in Chap. 3, NADH…
