Metabolism: Energy, Heat, Work, and Power of the Body
Fig. 6.1 Energy flow into and from the body Metabolic processes can be divided into catabolic and anabolic reactions. In catabolic reactions complex molecules are broken into simple ones, for…
Cardiovascular System
Fig. 8.1 Circulatory system Pulmonary circulation system Systemic circulation system BloodBlood circulation system, and labeled within the heart: the a right atrium, b right ventricle, c left atrium, d left…
Mechanical Properties of the Body
Fig. 4.1 General stress—strain relationship. For more detail, see Fig. 4.15 Whereas elastic behavior is independent of history and enables total recovery of stored energy, this is not so in the…
Light, Eyes and Vision
Fig. 11.1 Structure of the eye: a sagittal section, b three-dimensional perspective (From [59]) The adult cornea is 0.52 mm thick in the center and 0.65 mm thick in the periphery, and…
Sound, Speech, and Hearing
1–10 MHz), way above our hearing range (20–20 kHz), that provides images with the very useful spatial resolution of 1 mm [51, 72]. Waves are sent to an object and reflected , with…
Electrical and Magnetic Properties
Bioelectric signal Typical amplitude Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG, heart) 1 mV Electroencephalogram (EEG, brain waves) 10–100 V Electromyogram (EMG, muscle) 300 V Transmembrane potential 100 mV Electro-oculogram (EOG, eye) 500 V Using data from [3, 16 ]…
Fluid Pressure, Fluid Flow in the Body, and Motion in Fluids
100 m. In this chapter we will discuss the concept of pressure as it relates to fluids in the body. For example, the pressure of the vitreous humor in the eyeball…
Statics of the Body
can be resolved into components in the x, y, and z directions (). In a static condition the sum of the forces in each the x, y, and z directions…
Lungs and Breathing
6 L/min of air, which is the ventilation or inhalation rate. (This is comparable to the 5–6 L of blood pumped per min in the pulmonary circulation through the lungs, which is…
