Basicmedical Key

  Mucosa (squamous epithelium), submucosa, and muscularis propria (longitudinal muscle layer); no serosa   Upper ⅓ esophagus – striated muscle   Middle ⅓ and lower ⅓ esophagus – smooth muscle   Vessels directly off…

  MAP = CO × SVR, CI = CO/BSA   Kidney gets 25% of CO, brain gets 15%, heart gets 5%   Preload – left ventricular end-diastolic length, linearly related to left ventricular…

  Anterior neck triangle – sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), sternal notch, inferior border of the digastric muscle; contains the carotid sheath   Posterior neck triangle – posterior border of the SCM, trapezius muscle,…

  Breast development •  Breast formed from ectoderm milk streak •  Estrogen – duct development (double layer of columnar cells) •  Progesterone – lobular development •  Prolactin – synergizes estrogen and progesterone   Cyclic changes •  Estrogen…

  Epidermis – primarily cellular •  Keratinocytes – main cell type in epidermis; originate from basal layer; provide mechanical barrier •  Melanocytes – neuroectodermal origin (neural crest cells); in basal layer of epidermis…