Type of shock Clinical scenario Mechanism Hypovolemic Any blunt or penetrating trauma with hemorrhage; burns Decreased blood and plasma volume Cardiogenic Blunt cardiac injury, arrhythmias, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothoraxa Failure…
Diagnosis Distinguishing features Choanal atresia Nasogastric tube (NGT) cannot be placed Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) Loops of intestine (left) or liver (right) above the diaphragm on CXR Cystic lesions: Cystic…
Fig. 35.1 (a, b) Anteroposterior and lateral chest radiographs Diagnosis What Is the Differential Diagnosis of Excessive Drooling/Feeding Intolerance in a Newborn? Diagnosis Distinguishing features Choanal atresia Inability to pass…
Condition Change in bowel habits Other characteristics Colorectal cancer Diarrhea, constipation, iron deficiency anemia (more so with right sided) Anemia, fatigue, weight loss, decreased stool caliber Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)…
Diagnosis Specific findings Duodenal atresia “Double bubble” on AXR, no distal bowel gas Hirschsprung’s disease Transition zone (caliber change) on contrast enema, absence of ganglion cells with hypertrophied nerve trunks…
(1) Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Question Sets and Answers Acute Care Surgery Christian de Virgilio2 and Areg Grigorian3 (2) Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA,…
Diagnosis Pathophysiology Comments Epidural hematoma (EDH) Laceration of middle meningeal artery by temporal bone fracture (blood accumulates between the dura and skull) Classic presentation: brief loss of consciousness, followed by…
Diagnosis Comments Gastritis Nausea, bloating, dyspepsia, NSAID abuse, Helicobacter pylori, alcohol abuse Gastric ulcer Epigastric pain after eating, weight loss, Helicobacter pylori Duodenal ulcer Epigastric pain with empty stomach relieved…
Diagnosis History and physical Comments Pheochromocytoma Episodic hyperadrenergic symptoms (5 P’s): pressure (hypertension), pain (headache), perspiration, palpitation, pallor Associated with MEN 2, neurofibromatosis-1, and von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) Carcinoid syndrome…
Fig. 7.1 Chest radiograph on admission showing widening of the upper mediastinum Diagnosis What is the Differential Diagnosis? Condition History and physical Aortic dissection Sudden onset of tearing chest pain…
