CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY
Cardiovascular Pathology EMBRYOLOGY What is the ductus arteriosus? It connects the pulmonary artery to the proximal aorta, effectively by passing the lungs during fetal development. What happens if…
Cardiovascular Pathology EMBRYOLOGY What is the ductus arteriosus? It connects the pulmonary artery to the proximal aorta, effectively by passing the lungs during fetal development. What happens if…
Dermatopathology EMBRYOLOGY From what embryologic tissue type is the epidermis derived? Surface ectoderm From what embryologic tissue type is the dermis derived? Mesoderm—depending on location in the embryo…
Radiology & Pathology Correlation GENERAL PRINCIPLES What are x-rays? Electromagnetic waves that interact with matter and are absorbed, scattered, or transmitted How are plain radiographs produced? By passing…
Respiratory Pathology ANATOMY What is the primary respiratory muscle? The diaphragm What are the accessory muscles of respiration? Intercostals, sternocleidomastoid, scalene, and abdominal muscles What nerves innervate these…
Pediatric Pathology CARDIOVASCULAR What are the characteristics of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)? Pulmonary valve stenosis; Right ventricular hypertrophy; Overriding aorta; Ventricular septal defect (VSD) *You have to PROVe…
Genetic Pathology GENERAL PRINCIPLES What is the normal human chromosomal complement? 46,XX or 46,XY What is the normal human haploid number? 23 What is aneuploidy? Possessing a chromosome…
Musculoskeletal Pathology EMBRYOLOGY From what embryologic tissue type are muscle, bone, and connective tissue derived? Mesoderm What are the two embryologic processes by which bone may be formed?…
Biochemistry GENERAL PRINCIPLES Describe the general steps of protein synthesis: DNA transcribed into mRNA mRNA modified and/or translated into a peptide Protein folding Post-translational modification What…
General Concepts in Pathology Define pathology: The study of suffering (from the Greek pathos), or the study of functional changes in cells, tissues, and organs that underlie disease Define…
Microbiology in Pathology BACTERIA What are the various bacterial morphologies? Cocci (circular), bacilli (rods), spiral (spirochetes), branching/filamentous What other feature along with morphology is used to distinguish bacteria?…