Basicmedical Key

Acquired Cystic Disease Anthony Chang, MD Aleksandr Vasilyev, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Presence of 3 or more cysts in native kidneys of patients with end-stage renal disease satisfies clinical…

Minimal Change Disease A. Brad Farris, III, MD Key Facts Terminology Synonyms: Lipoid nephrosis, nil disease Etiology/Pathogenesis Usually idiopathic Involves loss of glomerular negative charge Circulating permeability factor Secondary forms…

Nephrocalcinosis Lynn D. Cornell, MD Key Facts Terminology Deposition of abundant calcium phosphate precipitates within renal tubules and interstitium “Nephrocalcinosis” usually refers to calcium phosphate deposits in setting of hypercalcemia…

Mixed Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis A. Brad Farris, III, MD Key Facts Terminology GN due to immunoglobulins soluble at 37°C, reversibly precipitate with cooling Etiology/Pathogenesis Renal disease usually type II mixed cryoglobulinemia…

Fibromuscular Dysplasia A. Brad Farris, III, MD Key Facts Terminology Nonatherosclerotic, noninflammatory fibrous, and fibromuscular proliferation of artery, typically leading to stenosis Clinical Issues Mostly young and female 60-90% involve…

Introduction to Impediments to Urine Flow Sanjay Jain, MD, PhD This illustration depicts the different causes (urinary tract intrinsic or extrinsic) of impediments to urine flow. The lesions can arise…

Takayasu Arteritis Surya V. Seshan, MD Key Facts Terminology Granulomatous inflammation of aorta and its major branches Etiology/Pathogenesis Cell-mediated immune mechanism Clinical Issues Common in Asia (6/1,000) compared with USA…

Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyl Transferase Deficiency Ami Bhalodia, MD Key Facts Terminology Complete or partial LCAT deficiency Familial LCAT deficiency Fish eye disease Etiology/Pathogenesis Defect in LCAT-mediated cholesterol ester-formation Mutation of LCAT…

Rheumatoid Arthritis Neeraja Kambham, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Predominantly therapy related Tubulointerstitial nephritis and acute renal failure caused by NSAIDs MGN caused by gold salts, penicillamine, and TNF-α antagonists ANCA-related…

Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy Anthony Chang, MD Key Facts Terminology Congo red negative organized glomerular immunoglobulin deposits Clinical Issues Caucasian predilection Nephrotic syndrome, hematuria, and hypocomplementemia Often associated with monoclonal gammopathy or…