Basicmedical Key

Yolk Sac Tumor Key Facts Terminology Yolk sac tumor (YST) Endodermal sinus tumor, infantile type embryonal carcinoma Clinical Issues Most common nonseminomatous germ cell tumor in mediastinum May account for…

Idiopathic Sclerosing Mediastinitis Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Most cases are idiopathic May be result of healed infection, such as tuberculosis or toxoplasmosis May represent end stage of burned-out neoplasms, such as…

Ectopic Thyroid Tumor Key Facts Clinical Issues Anterior superior mediastinum; rarely in posterior mediastinum Shortness of breath Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism May be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on routine chest x-rays…

Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Thymus Key Facts Terminology Synonyms: Carcinoid tumor, atypical carcinoid, small cell carcinoma Malignant neoplasms that range from low- to high-grade malignancies Clinical Issues Incidence Thymic neuroendocrine…

Chordoma Key Facts Clinical Issues Chest pain Shortness of breath Backache Usually are slow-growing neoplasms that may often be asymptomatic May behave aggressively with frequent recurrences & metastasis and occasional…

Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma Key Facts Terminology Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) Clinical Issues Incidence Unusual tumor in mediastinal compartment May account for < 1% of all mediastinal tumors May affect individuals ranging from…

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma Key Facts Clinical Issues Extremely rare tumor Predilection for young adults (15-35 years) Slight female predilection Incidental finding on routine chest x-rays Aggressive malignancy Approximately 50% 5-year survival…

Malignant Mesothelioma Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Mesotheliomas have been linked closely to asbestos exposure Clinical Issues Rare tumor that accounts for approximately 4-7 cases per 1,000,000 individuals Tumor is more common…

MALT Lymphoma of the Thymus Key Facts Terminology Low-grade lymphoma derived from distinct native population of thymic postgerminal center stage parafollicular B cells Etiology/Pathogenesis Believed to represent thymic counterpart of…

Solitary Fibrous Tumor Key Facts Clinical Issues Asymptomatic; incidental finding on routine chest x-ray Cough Pleuritic pain Dyspnea Hypoglycemia (5% of patients) Pulmonary osteoarthropathy with clubbing of fingers Microscopic Pathology…