Organizing Pneumonia (Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia) Philip T. Cagle Organizing pneumonia (formerly referred to as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia [BOOP]) is seen secondary to a variety of lung injuries and…
Pulmonary Thrombi and Emboli Part 1 Thromboemboli Abida K. Haque Pulmonary thromboemboli may be massive, resulting in sudden death, or they may be smaller, with symptoms of mild respiratory distress….
Respiratory Bronchiolitis and Membranous Bronchiolitis Philip T. Cagle Tobacco smoking results in inflammatory, sometimes fibrotic, lesions of the membranous (terminal) bronchioles and respiratory bronchioles, referred to as membranous bronchiolitis and…
Constrictive Bronchiolitis Philip T. Cagle Constrictive bronchiolitis is a condition in which the bronchiolar lumens are severely narrowed or obliterated by submucosal scarring. Constrictive bronchiolitis is also called bronchiolitis obliterans…
Bronchiolar and Peribronchiolar Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Metaplasia Philip T. Cagle Bronchioles may be involved by inflammation and scarring as either an isolated or focal condition (e.g., a scarred bronchiole from…
Pulmonary Hemorrhage with Vasculitis Pulmonary hemorrhage with vasculitis is almost always immunologically mediated. Systemic manifestations and serologic tests provide important clues to the diagnosis. Regardless of etiology, patients present with…
Bronchiectasis Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle Bronchiectasis refers to the irreversible pathologic dilation of bronchi due to inflammation and fibrosis, most often associated with chronic infection….
Bronchopneumonia Philip T. Cagle Bronchopneumonia is also called focal pneumonia or lobular pneumonia. Bronchopneumonia is discussed here because the acute inflammation involves the respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveolar ducts and…
Chronic Bronchitis Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle Chronic bronchitis is defined clinically as persistent cough with sputum production for at least 3 months in at least…
