Can be multiple in some cases
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Rare recurrences and association with, or progression to, malignancy [basal cell carcinoma (BCC)]
Macroscopic
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Nodular lesion involving deep dermis and subcutis
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Large, typically > 1 cm in diameter
Microscopic
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Large, basaloid-appearing deep dermal-based nodule
Composed of irregular lobules and nests of basaloid cells
No epidermal connections
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Associated fibrotic stroma with increased numbers of fibroblasts
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Papillary mesenchymal bodies classically present, similar to TE
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Subtypes include trichogerminoma, rippled-pattern trichomatricoma, trichoblastic fibroma, and cutaneous lymphadenoma
Top Differential Diagnoses
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BCC
Usually shows multiple attachments to epidermis, mucinous stroma, and mitotic figures (focal or absent in TB)
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Trichoepithelioma
Smaller and more superficial than TB
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Synonyms
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Giant trichoepithelioma (TE)
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Rippled-pattern TB (trichomatricoma)
Definitions
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Benign dermal-based adnexal tumor showing primitive follicular differentiation
CLINICAL ISSUES
Epidemiology
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Incidence
Uncommon tumors
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Age
Usually occur in adults
Site
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Head and neck area, especially scalp
Presentation
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Dermal nodule/mass lesion
Usually single but may rarely be multiple
Treatment
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Surgical approaches
Complete excision is curative
Should be recommended in cases of partial biopsy in order to exclude basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
Prognosis
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Excellent in most cases
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Rare recurrences and association with, or progression to, malignancy (BCC)
MACROSCOPIC
General Features
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Nodular lesion involving deep dermis and subcutis
Size
•
Large, typically > 1 cm in diameter
MICROSCOPIC
Histologic Features
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Large, basaloid-appearing deep dermal-based nodule
Usually symmetric and shows well-circumscribed borders
Composed of irregular lobules and nests of basaloid cells
No epidermal connections
May extend into superficial subcutis