The Upper Extremity

In Fig. 7-1 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-1 Components of the pectoral girdle.

Clavicle—yellow

Scapula—green

Identify the Features Indicated in Fig. 7-1:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

1. Name the two bones of the pectoral girdle.

2. Identify the three divisions of muscles that attach the upper extremity and pectoral girdle to the trunk of the body.

In Fig. 7-2 Color or Outline:

Rib—yellow

Humerus—orange

Scapula—green

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 7-2:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

1. What two muscles form the anterior wall of the axilla?

2. What is the function of the axilla?

3. What is the special significance of the lymph nodes in the axilla?

4. What are the predominant structures in the posterior wall of the axilla?

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 7-3:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

1. What portion of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius?

2. What portion of the humerus articulates with the pectoral gridle?

3. What is the muscle mass on the posterior surface of the humerus?

In Fig. 7-4 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-4 Transverse section through the cubital fossa. This figure illustrates the boundaries and contents of the cubital fossa. Note the medial to lateral arrangement of the contents. The superficial veins are the cephalic and basilic.

Humerus—yellow

Three muscles that form the boundaries of the fossa—orange

Ulna—green

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 7-4:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

1. What muscle forms the lateral boundary of the cubital fossa?

2. What muscle forms the floor of the cubital fossa?

3. What superficial vein is on the lateral side?

4. From medial to lateral, identify the contents of the cubital fossa.

In Fig. 7-5 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-5 Features of the radius and ulna.

Radius—yellow

Ulna—green

Identify the Features Indicated in Fig. 7-5:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

1. Is the head of the ulna at the proximal end of the bone, or is it at the distal end of the bone?

2. What articulates with the radial notch?

3. What is between the radius and ulna and connects them?

In Fig. 7-6 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-6 Bones of the right wrist and hand, palmar aspect.

Carpals—yellow

Phalanges—orange

Metacarpals—green

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 7-6:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

1. How many phalanges are there for each hand?

2. Name the four bones in the proximal row of carpals in sequence from lateral to medial.

3. What two carpal bones articulate with the radius to form the wrist joint?

In Fig. 7-7 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-7 Transverse section through the left wrist showing the carpal tunnel. Proximal view. Note the concavity, or groove, formed by the carpal bones. The flexor retinaculum spans the concavity to form a tunnel filled with tendons of muscles that act on the hands and fingers. The median nerve also is located within the carpal tunnel and can be the source of pain if irritated by swollen tendons or edema.

Flexor retinaculum—green

Trapezium bone—yellow

Hamate bone—red

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 7-7:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

1. To what bone is the flexor retinaculum attached on the medial side?

2. What nerve is located within the carpal tunnel?

3. What nerve is superficial to the flexor retinaculum anteriorly and on the medial side?

4. In addition to a major nerve, what are the principal structures in the carpal tunnel?

In Fig. 7-8 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-8 Transverse section through the proximal arm. Note the musculocutaneous nerve, which enters the arm by penetrating the coracobrachialis muscle. Here, the nerve is apparent between the coracobrachialis and biceps brachii. Neurovascular components in the medial intermuscular septum include the brachial artery, brachial vein, basilic vein, median nerve, and ulnar nerve.

Humerus—yellow

Deltoid—green

Anterior compartment muscles—orange

Posterior compartment muscles—purple

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 7-8:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

O ____________________

1. What are the two major superficial veins in the arm, and which one is on the medial side?

2. What is the primary muscle bundle in the posterior compartment of the arm?

3. Why is the coracobrachialis muscle evident in transverse sections through the proximal arm but not apparent in transverse sections through the distal arm?

4. Which is more posterior, the median nerve or the ulnar nerve?

In Fig. 7-9 Color or Outline:

FIG. 7-9 Transverse section through the distal arm. Note the musculocutaneous nerve as it descends the arm between the biceps brachii and the brachialis muscles. The radial nerve is evident on the lateral side.

Humerus—yellow

Posterior compartment muscles—purple

Anterior compartment muscles—orange

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 7-9:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

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Tags: The Sectional Anatomy Learning System Concepts and Applications

Jun 16, 2016 | Posted by admin in ANATOMY | Comments Off

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The Upper Extremity

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The Upper Extremity

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