The Pelvis

The Pelvis

In Fig. 4-1 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-1 Bones of the pelvis.

Ischium—green

Sacrum—orange

Coccyx—purple

Identify the Features Indicated in Fig. 4-1:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

1. What is the articulation between the two pubic bones called?

2. Where do the three bones of the os coxae meet?

3. What is the most superior portion of the os coxae?

In Fig. 4-2 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-2 Muscles associated with the pelvic wall.

Extrapelvic muscles—yellow

Pelvic muscles—green

Ilium and sacrum—orange

Identify the Muscles Indicated in Fig. 4-2:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

1. What muscle lines the lateral wall of the true pelvis?

2. What muscle is the deepest of the three gluteal muscles?

3. What muscle fills the space between the ilium and sacrum?

4. What is the most lateral superficial extrapelvic muscle?

In Fig. 4-3 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-3 Muscles of the female perineum. Note the two triangular areas of the perineum.

Transversus perinei—green

Urogenital triangle muscles—purple

Anal triangle muscles—yellow

Identify the Structures and Regions Indicated in Fig. 4-3:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

1. What three structures or openings are enclosed by the bulbospongiosus muscle in the female perineum?

2. Which is the larger of the two muscles in the anal region of the female perineum?

3. What structure is at the apex of the urogenital triangle of the female perineum?

In Fig. 4-4 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-4 Muscles of the male perineum. Note the two triangular areas of the perineum and the bulbospongiosus muscle encircling the penis.

Transversus perinei—green

Urogenital triangle muscles—purple

Anal triangle muscles—yellow

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-4:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

1. What muscle forms the horizontal division between the two triangles of the male perineum?

2. What is the largest muscle of the male perineum?

3. What muscle forms the lateral margins of the urogenital triangle of the perineum?

In Fig. 4-5 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-5 Female reproductive organs and relationships of the uterus. Note the relationships of the uterus to the rectum and urinary bladder.

Uterus and ovary—red

Bladder and urethra—yellow

Uterine tube—green

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-5:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

1. What is the most posterior portion of the uterus?

2. Which is more posterior, the rectouterine space or the vesicouterine space?

3. What name is given to the vaginal space surrounding the cervix of the uterus?

In Fig. 4-6 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-6 Male reproductive organs.

Corpus spongiosum—red

Corpus cavernosum—blue

Accessory glands—orange

Ductus deferens—green

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-6:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

1. Name the three accessory glands of the male reproductive system.

2. What is the name given to the expanded distal end of the corpus spongiosum in the male penis?

3. What duct carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

In Fig. 4-7 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-7 Transverse section through the pelvis at the S1 vertebral level. Inferior surface. Note the common iliac veins and the gluteus medius muscles.

Ureters—yellow

Gluteus medius—orange

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-7:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

1. Which of the gluteal muscles is most superior?

2. What portion of small intestine joins with the ascending colon?

3. As the ureters descend from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, with what muscles are they usually associated?

4. Which is more anterior, the left common iliac artery or the left common iliac vein?

5. Within the pelvic region, which is more posterior, the ascending colon or the descending colon?

In Fig. 4-8 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-8 Transverse section through the pelvis in the sacral region. Inferior surface. Note the iliacus muscle in the iliac fossa. The gluteus maximus muscle is just beginning posterior to the gluteus medius muscle.

Ureters—yellow

Gluteus medius—orange

Gluteus maximus—green

Psoas and iliacus—pink

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-8:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

1. What muscle originates on the iliac crest and lines the iliac fossa?

2. Why is the descending colon in a relatively constant location?

3. What nerve is closely associated with the psoas major muscle?

4. What portion of the large intestine is inferior to the ileocecal valve?

In Fig. 4-9 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-9 Transverse section through the pelvis in the S3 sacral region. Inferior surface. Note the bifurcation of the common iliac vessels into the external and internal iliac vessels. A small piece of ovary and uterine tube is present on the right side. The fibers of the psoas major and iliacus muscles seem to be merging to form the iliopsoas muscle.

Ureters—yellow

Gluteus medius—orange

Gluteus maximus—green

Iliopsoas—pink

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-9:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

1. Which is more anterior, the external iliac vein or the internal iliac vein?

2. Which is more medial, the ureter or the external iliac artery?

3. Which is more posterior, the external iliac vein or the external iliac artery?

4. What bone articulates with the lateral margin of the sacrum?

In Fig. 4-10 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-10 Transverse section of the female pelvis, through the lower part of the sacrum at the S4 vertebral level. Inferior surface. Note the three gluteal muscles posterior to the ilium. The sigmoid colon continues as the rectum anterior to the sacrum. The piriformis muscle is in the greater sciatic notch.

Ureters—yellow

Gluteus medius—orange

Gluteus maximus—green

Gluteus minimus—brown

Iliopsoas—pink

Piriformis—purple

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-10:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

1. What portion of the large intestine is immediately anterior to the sacrum?

2. Which of the iliac vessels is closely related to the psoas portion of the iliopsoas muscle?

3. Which of the three gluteal muscles is the deepest muscle?

4. Which of the three gluteal muscles originates in the most inferior location?

5. What muscle occupies the space of the greater sciatic notch?

In Fig. 4-11 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-11 Transverse section of the female pelvis through the lower sacral region at the S5 vertebral level. Inferior surface. Note the sciatic nerve deep to the piriformis muscle.

Ureters—yellow

Gluteus medius—orange

Gluteus maximus—green

Gluteus minimus—brown

Iliopsoas—pink

Piriformis—purple

Ovary and uterus—red

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-11:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

O ____________________

1. Which branch of the sacral plexus is deep to the piriformis muscle?

2. True or false: loops of small intestine extend into the true pelvis.

3. Which is more superior, the uterus or the urinary bladder?

4. What is the name of the peritoneal space posterior to the uterus?

5. What muscle is between the ilium and the sacrum?

In Fig. 4-12 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-12 Transverse section of the female pelvis at the level of the coccyx. Inferior surface. Note the broad ligament extending from the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall. The obturator internus muscle is on the medial border of the ilium. Two new muscles, the tensor fasciae latae and the sartorius, appear anterior to the ilium.

Ureters—yellow

Sartorius and gluteus medius—orange

Gluteus maximus—green

Tensor fasciae latae and gluteus minimus—brown

Obturator internus and iliopsoas—pink

Piriformis—purple

Uterus and uterine tubes—red

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 4-12:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

O ____________________

P ____________________

Q ____________________

1. What membrane encloses the proximal end of the uterine tube?

2. What large nerve is deep to the gluteus maximus muscle at this level?

3. What is the superficial muscle anterior and lateral to the gluteus medius muscle?

4. Using this section, determine the advantage of giving intramuscular injections into the superior portion of the gluteus medius muscle rather than into the gluteus maximus muscle.

In Fig. 4-13 Color or Outline:

FIG. 4-13 Transverse section of the female pelvis through the tip of the coccyx. Inferior surface. Note the greater trochanter of the femur on the right side and the head of the femur in the acetabulum. A portion of the vagina is evident between the cervix of the uterus and the rectum. The tendon for the rectus femoris muscle is posterior to the sartorius on the right side. The external iliac vessels are now called femoral vessels.

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Jun 16, 2016 | Posted by admin in ANATOMY | Comments Off

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