The Lower Extremity

In Fig. 8-1 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-1 Features of the right femur and patella.

Greater trochanter—yellow

Lateral condyle—orange

Lesser trochanter—green

Medial condyle—purple

Identify the Features Indicated in Fig. 8-1:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

1. What bone is in the thigh?

2. What is the space between the lateral condyle and the medial condyle?

In Fig. 8-2 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-2 Surface view of the femoral triangle. Note the sequence of the femoral artery, the femoral vein, and the femoral nerve within the femoral triangle.

Sartorius—yellow

Iliopsoas and pectineus—orange

Adductor longus—green

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 8-2:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

1. What two muscles form the floor of the femoral triangle?

2. What muscle forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

3. What muscle forms the medial border of the femoral triangle?

4. What is the sequence, from lateral to medial, of the artery, vein, and nerve within the femoral triangle?

In Fig. 8-3 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-3 Features of the tibia and fibula.

Tibia—yellow

Fibula—purple

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 8-3:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

1. What is the name of the bone on the medial side of the leg?

2. Which is the larger of the two bones in the leg?

3. Which bone of the leg articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur?

In Fig. 8-4 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-4 Surface view of the popliteal fossa. This figure illustrates the boundaries and contents of the popliteal fossa. Note the two branches of the sciatic nerve, and the lateral-to-medial sequence of the sciatic nerve, popliteal artery, and popliteal vein.

Popliteal artery—red

Tibial nerve—orange

Popliteal vein—blue

Peroneal nerve—purple

Sciatic nerve—yellow

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 8-4:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

1. What muscles form the upper two boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

2. What is the general shape of the popliteal fossa?

3. What are the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve that pass through the popliteal fossa?

4. Which of the two branches of the sciatic nerve is more lateral?

In Fig. 8-5 Color or Outline:

Tarsals—yellow

Phalanges—purple

Metatarsals—green

Identify the Bones Indicated in Fig. 8-5:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

1. What is the largest tarsal bone?

2. Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia?

3. Is the first metatarsal on the medial side or the lateral side?

In Fig. 8-6 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-6 Transverse section through the proximal femur. Note the anterior, medial, and posterior muscle groups and the sciatic nerve.

Anterior muscle group—red

Posterior muscle group—blue

Medial muscle group—yellow

Identify the Items Indicated in Fig. 8-6:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

O ____________________

P ____________________

1. What is the superficial vein on the medial side of the thigh?

2. Which is the most anterior of the three adductor muscles?

3. Which is the most lateral of the hamstring muscle group?

In Fig. 8-7 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-7 Transverse section through the distal region of the right thigh. Proximal view. Note the three muscle compartments. The anterior compartment contains the quadriceps femoris muscle group. The sartorius muscle is usually placed in this group, but in the distal thigh it is more closely associated with the medial adductor group. The posterior compartment contains the hamstrings. The common peroneal and tibial nerves, branches of the sciatic nerve, are present in the posterior compartment.

Quadriceps femoris muscles—red

Medial compartment muscles—yellow

Hamstring muscles—blue

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 8-7:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

1. In the distal thigh, what is the most medial muscle of the hamstring group?

2. Which branch of the sacral plexus of nerves innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?

3. What is the superficial vein on the medial side of the distal thigh?

In Fig. 8-8 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-8 Transverse section through the midcalf region of the left leg. Proximal view. Note the interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula. This forms a partition between the anterior and posterior muscle compartments. The anterior compartment is occupied by the extensor digitorum longus and tibialis anterior muscles. Superficial muscles of the posterior compartment are the gastrocnemius and soleus, and the largest of the deep muscles is the tibialis posterior. The peroneus longus muscle is the principal muscle of the lateral compartment.

Anterior compartment muscles—red

Lateral compartment muscles—green

Posterior compartment muscles—blue

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 8-8:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

1. What are the two largest muscles in the calf or posterior portion of the leg?

2. What bone is on the same side of the leg as the peroneus muscles?

3. What nerve is associated with the soleus muscle?

In Fig. 8-9 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-9 Transverse section through the right coxal (hip) joint. Superior surface. Note the head of the femur in the acetabulum. The sciatic nerve is deep to the gluteus maximus muscle and closely associated with the gemellus muscle, one of the lateral rotators of the thigh. The gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles are more laterally located. This superior section through the joint intersects the tip of the greater trochanter.

Gluteus medius and sartorius muscles—orange

Gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae muscles—brown

Gluteus maximus and rectus femoris muscles—green

Iliopsoas and obturator internus muscles—pink

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 8-9:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

O ____________________

1. What is the most anterior superficial muscle of the thigh in the region of the hip?

2. What is the name of the socket for the head of the femur?

3. What two lateral rotators of the hip are the most superior?

In Fig. 8-10 Color or Outline:

FIG. 8-10 Transverse section through the acetabular fossa in the right coxal (hip) joint. Superior surface. Note the acetabular fossa, the region of the acetabulum that is not an articular surface. The gluteus minimus is no longer present; instead, the tendon for the vastus lateralis muscle is evident. The pectineus muscle is anterior to the pubic bone.

Gluteus medius and sartorius muscles—orange

Iliopsoas and obturator internus muscles—pink

Gluteus maximus and rectus femoris muscles—green

Pectineus muscle—purple

Tensor fasciae latae muscle—brown

Identify the Structures Indicated in Fig. 8-10:

A ____________________

B ____________________

C ____________________

D ____________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

H ____________________

I ____________________

J ____________________

K ____________________

L ____________________

M ____________________

N ____________________

O ____________________

P ____________________

1. What muscle forms the medial portion of the floor of the femoral triangle?

Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue

Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel

Tags: The Sectional Anatomy Learning System Concepts and Applications

Jun 16, 2016 | Posted by admin in ANATOMY | Comments Off

Like this:

Related

Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel

Basicmedical Key

Fastest Basicmedical Insight Engine

The Lower Extremity

The Lower Extremity

Full access? Get Clinical Tree

Basicmedical Key

Fastest Basicmedical Insight Engine

The Lower Extremity

Share this:

Like this:

Related

Related posts:

Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel

Full access? Get Clinical Tree