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Fractures in Special Circumstances: (Vascular-Compartment Problems, Nonaccidental Trauma, Pathologic Fractures) Dennis Wenger Scott Mubarak VASCULAR AND COMPARTMENT PROBLEMS On the battlefield, arterial injuries are transported, and the decision to expose…

Spine Vidyadhar Upasani Burt Yaszay Peter Newton INTRODUCTION Pediatric spine fractures are rare with only 5% of all spinal cord and vertebral column injuries occurring in children age 16 and…

Ankle Andrew Pennock Maya Pring INTRODUCTION In 1898, John Poland wrote Traumatic Separation of the Epiphyses and noted that ankle injuries in children differed from those in adults in three…

Foot Maya Pring Vidyadhar Upasani INTRODUCTION Foot fractures account for 5%-10% of pediatric fractures, and many of these can be treated with benign neglect and do relatively well. However, a…

Accident Prevention, Risk, and the Evolving Epidemiology of Fractures Dennis Wenger James Bomar INTRODUCTION The late Mercer Rang was a leader in promoting the concept of safer playgrounds, better sports…

Casts for Children’s Fractures Dennis Wenger James Bomar Predictable application and maintenance of complication-free casts in children is a slowly learned art and craft. In contrast to adult patients, in…

Knee Andrew Pennock Eric Edmonds INTRODUCTION With our country’s fascination and enthusiasm for sports, we are currently observing a dramatic rise in sports-related pediatric knee injuries. When a child presents…

Pelvis and Hip Andrew Pennock Vidyadhar Upasani James Bomar INTRODUCTION The osteoporotic bone of an elderly lady is very different from the tough, growing bone of a child. Therefore, greater…

Radius and Ulna Vidyadhar Upasani Henry Chambers INTRODUCTION Forearm fractures, especially about the wrist, are among the most common pediatric injuries. When a child falls off a bike, scooter, or…

Tibia and Fibula Andrew Pennock Maya Pring INTRODUCTION Tibia and fibula shaft fractures heal so much more readily in children than in adults that they should be a joy to…