Basicmedical Key

Hiatal Hernia Repair The purpose of hiatal hernia repair is to generate a functional lower esophageal sphincter mechanism that will effectively prevent reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus but…

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In this chapter, the endoscopic anatomy and the technical maneuvers necessary for safe visualization of the upper…

Repair of Ventral and Umbilical Hernias Most ventral hernias occur through previous laparotomy incisions. Small defects may be closed by reopening the incision, clearing the fascia, and then closing as…

Laparoscopic Repair of Ventral Hernias The theory behind laparoscopic ventral hernia repair is that because the problem is a defect in the fascia, an approach from inside the abdomen makes…

Laparoscopy: Principles of Access and Exposure Laparoscopic surgery requires intense attention to the details of equipment used. Become familiar with the equipment used in your operating room. Ensure that it…

Exploratory Laparotomy The choice of incision for laparotomy is influenced by the operation planned, the location of the probable pathology, the body habitus of the patient, and the presence or…

FAST Examination for Trauma Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) examination has largely replaced diagnostic peritoneal lavage for initial evaluation of the patient with multiple trauma. The examination is performed…

Peritoneal Lavage: Insertion of a Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Peritoneal lavage is a diagnostic maneuver in which a catheter is inserted into the peritoneal cavity and fluid is aspirated. The character…