Introduction Infective endocarditis (IE) is a morbid disease that requires meticulous clinical assessment and risk stratification in the early stages of illness [ ]. Outcomes are impacted by multiple factors:…
Introduction The first descriptions of endocarditis appeared in the literature in the 1600s at a time when the anatomy and physiology of the heart was still incompletely characterized [ ]….
Introduction Infective endocarditis (IE) is a bacterial or fungal infection of the heart valves and lining that Jean François Fernel first mentioned nearly 500 years ago (1554). William Osler described…
Introduction Neurologic sequelae are among the most common and devastating complications of infective endocarditis (IE) with an incidence varying between 10% and 75% [ ] and mortality ranging between 20%…
Introduction Infective endocarditis (IE) has remained stable over time, however, the type of IE and rate of surgical intervention has changed. Patients are now more elderly, rheumatic heart disease is…
Introduction Infective endocarditis can be associated with several clinical and anatomic complications. Among these is aortic root abscess. Aortic root abscess is defined by the presence of necrotic tissue in…
Introduction Heart valve infections are a quite uncommon pathology with an estimated annual incidence of 3–10 cases in 100,000 in a normal population. With a mortality standing between 15% and…
Epidemiology Infective endocarditis of a native valve is relatively rare with the incidence reported as roughly 2–10 cases per 100,000 person-years by several sources [ , ]. However, the burden…
Introduction Right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) most commonly occurs in the setting of intravenous drug use (IVDU) and has taken on increasing surgical significance as the opioid crisis has driven increased…
Funding and Acknowledgments JMM received a personal 80:20 research grant from Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain, during 2017–19. AD received postdoctoral grants for his stay…
