Basicmedical Key

Large Cell Lymphoma Scott R. Owens, MD Key Facts Terminology “Large”: Cells with nucleus ≥ macrophage nucleus or > 2x normal lymphocyte nucleus Etiology/Pathogenesis Secondary DLBCL arises from preexisting low-grade…

Malt Lymphoma Scott R. Owens, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Most gastric MALT lymphomas associated with gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infection Clinical Issues 85% of all GI MALT lymphomas in…

Carcinoid Tumor, Stomach Gregory Y. Lauwers, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Gastric carcinoids represent 5% of all gastrointestinal carcinoids Most carcinoids (type 1, 2, and 4) are fundic Type 3…

Adenoma, Stomach Gregory Y. Lauwers, MD Key Facts Terminology Polypoid gastric dysplasia Unequivocal, noninvasive, polypoid, dysplastic gastric epithelium Etiology/Pathogenesis Secondary to Helicobacter pylori gastritis with intestinal metaplasia Fundic gland polyps…

Fundic Gland Polyp Gregory Y. Lauwers, MD Key Facts Terminology Benign cystic and polypoid transformation of oxyntic mucosa Etiology/Pathogenesis Sporadic Familial adenomatous polyposis Proton pump inhibitor Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Clinical Issues…

Xanthoma Gregory Y. Lauwers, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Helicobacter pylori Common in operated stomach Unknown etiology in many cases Clinical Issues Seen in 0.4-6% of endoscopies of nonoperated patients Most…

Herpes Zoster Laura W. Lamps, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Any level of GI tract may be infected Fever, vomiting, diarrhea common symptoms Difficulty swallowing if esophagus involved Patients may…

Helicobacter heilmannii Amitabh Srivastava, MD Key Facts Terminology Former designation Gastrospirillum hominis Etiology/Pathogenesis Infection may be acquired from contact with domestic pets (dogs, cats) and cattle Clinical Issues 0.25-1.1% of…

Carditis Amitabh Srivastava, MD Key Facts Terminology Inflammation in proximal stomach immediately distal to anatomic GE junction Etiology/Pathogenesis Helicobacter pylori, autoimmune gastritis; role of GERD controversial Macroscopic Features Carditis related…

Dieulafoy Lesion Alexandros D. Polydorides, MD, PhD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Large caliber artery in mucosa/submucosa, typically protruding through small overlying mucosal defect Erosion or ulceration of exposed vascular wall, resultant…