Small Cell Carcinoma
Small Cell Carcinoma Michael J. Thrall, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Rapidly growing and metastasizing lung mass Very poor prognosis with life expectancy of months Cytopathology Molding and crush artifact…
Rare Benign and Low Malignant Potential Tumors
Rare Benign and Low Malignant Potential Tumors Michael J. Thrall, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Hamartoma results from overgrowth of mature mesenchymal elements Sclerosing hemangioma arises from pneumocytes though lesions…
Benign and Reactive Changes
Benign and Reactive Changes Michael J. Thrall, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Reactive cytologic changes often appear in setting of pneumonia Radiation and chemotherapy changes should be kept in mind…
Viral Infections (Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus, and Others)
Viral Infections (Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus, and Others) Michael J. Thrall, MD Key Facts Cytopathology Common lung viruses with identifiable cytopathic effect include CMV and herpesvirus CMV produces nuclear enlargement with a…
Sarcoidosis and Other Immune-Related Conditions
Sarcoidosis and Other Immune-Related Conditions Michael J. Thrall, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease most often involving lung and mediastinum Rheumatoid nodules may form in the…
Specimen Types in Respiratory Cytology and Adequacy Criteria
Specimen Types in Respiratory Cytology and Adequacy Criteria Michael J. Thrall, MD Pulmonary macrophages are critical for confirming alveolar sampling. This Pap stain shows key features, including foamy cytoplasm with…
Specimen Adequacy in Cervicovaginal Cytology
Specimen Adequacy in Cervicovaginal Cytology Dina R. Mody, MD George G. Birdsong, MD Conventional Pap smears at 4x were taken to access squamous cellularity. (A) Pap demonstrates ˜ 75 cells….
