Basicmedical Key

Malignant Effusion, Mesothelioma Donna M. Coffey, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Diffuse malignant mesothelioma (DMM) accounts for 1-4% of malignant pleural effusions and < 1% of malignant peritoneal effusions DMM…

Normal Cellular Components and Reactive Mesothelial Proliferations Donna M. Coffey, MD Pap stain shows a pleural effusion with a mesothelial cell and a dispersed single-cell pattern, histiocytes , and inflammatory…

Reactive Urothelial Changes Rose Anton, MD Key Facts Terminology Most commonly seen reactive changes are secondary to stones, instrumentation, &/or radiation/chemotherapy Cytopathology Stones &/or instrumentation procedure Cellular; papillary groups, often…

Malignant Effusion, Carcinomas Donna M. Coffey, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues ˜ 30% of all body fluids are malignant effusions Carcinomas account for > 95% of malignant effusions in adult…

Infectious Conditions Donna M. Coffey, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Infectious effusions are most commonly parapneumonic effusions associated with bacterial pneumonia Cytopathology Inflammatory cells of various types depending on nature…

Lymphoid Effusions and Lymphomas Donna M. Coffey, MD Norma Quintanilla, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues TB is most common cause of pleural effusion in developing countries TB effusions have small…

Autoimmune Diseases Donna M. Coffey, MD Key Facts Cytopathology Rheumatoid arthritis effusions Seen in a minority of patients (< 5%) with established rheumatoid disease Have spindled, epithelioid, or multinucleated macrophages,…

Malignant Effusion, Sarcomas Donna M. Coffey, MD Nour Sneige, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Most sarcomas of pleura are metastases or sarcomatoid mesotheliomas Primary pleural sarcomas include synovial sarcomas, leiomyosarcomas,…

Ampulla/Bile Duct/Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma Blythe K. Gorman, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Primary sclerosing cholangitis and stents may cause marked reactive atypia Cytopathology Nuclear molding, chromatin clumping, ↑ N:C ratio,…

Esophagitis and Barrett Esophagus Blythe K. Gorman, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues Endoscopic correlation is required Clinical correlation is wise Correlate with biopsy if available Cytopathology Reactive atypia may be…