Basicmedical Key

Summary Tables Michael Privitera TABLE 15.1. CHOOSING ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS ON THE BASIS OF DRUG INTERACTION AND ADVERSE EFFECT PROFILES Issue or Effect More Favorable Less Favorable Comments Drug inter actions…

Zonisamide Jerzy Szaflarski MECHANISM OF ACTION1 Blocks repetitive firing of voltage-sensitive sodium channels Reduces voltage-sensitive T-type (transient inward) calcium channels; it does not affect the L-type calcium channels Has weak…

Valproic Acid David Ficker MECHANISM OF ACTION Blocks voltage-activated Na channels Activates calcium dependant potassium conductance EFFICACY Monotherapy Trials Study Type. Randomized clinical trial (RCT), monotherapy1 Main Entry Criteria. Uncontrolled…

Topiramate Michael Privitera MECHANISM OF ACTION Blocks voltage-activated Na channels Blocks AMPA/kainate type of glutamate receptor Enhances γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)–mediated chloride flux Reduces amplitude of high-amplitude calcium currents Activates potassium…

Tiagabine Jennifer Cavitt Editor’s Note. Postmarketing reports have shown that the use of tiagabine has been associated with new-onset seizures and status epilepticus in patients without epilepsy. Dosage may be…

Pregabalin Timothy Welty MECHANISM OF ACTION Binds to the α-2-δ subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels in the neuron Reduces depolarization-dependent calcium influx, modulating excitatory neurotransmitter release EFFICACY Epilepsy Study Type….

Phenytoin Michael Privitera MECHANISM OF ACTION Blocks voltage-activated Na channels EFFICACY Monotherapy in New-Onset Epilepsy Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) Study Type. Randomized trial, unblinded1 Main Entry Criteria. Recent-onset epilepsy Comparator….

Phenobarbital, Primidone Timothy Welty MECHANISM OF ACTION Primidone metabolized to phenobarbital Enhance γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor-mediated postsynaptic chloride currents Attenuates presynaptic calcium-dependent potentials EFFICACY Epilepsy—Monotherapy in New-Onset Epilepsy Study Type….

Oxcarbazepine Jerzy Szaflarski MECHANISM OF ACTION Oxcarbazepine blocks sodium-dependent action potentials on the basis of voltage- and use-dependent limitation of action potential firing (indirect effect). Monohydroxy derivative (MHD) reduces glutamatergic…

Levetiracetam Jennifer Cavitt MECHANISM OF ACTION Levetiracetam binds to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, and several lines of evidence indicate that this is how levetiracetam exerts its antiepileptic action1. EFFICACY…