Immunogens
Key points • Patients with atopic dermatitis are more susceptible to developing irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). • ICD can present with phenotypic subtypes such as…
Skin Barrier
Key points • The four layers of the epidermis—stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale—are composed of keratinocytes, which undergo differentiation and mature as they become more superficial…
Skin and Gut Microbiome
Key points • The human microbiome consists of a wide variety of microorganisms that assist in key physiologic processes. • The majority of microbial diversity is found on the skin…
Atopy of the Skin
Key points • Atopy of the skin is manifested as atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema). • Histologically, the atopy of the skin is characterized by epidermal and dermal infiltration predominantly by…
Epidemiology
Key points • Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the skin, with both genetic and environmental etiologies. • The prevalence of atopic dermatitis is increasing…
Atopy Redefined
Key points • Although the original term atopy provides a general framework of understanding about allergic clinical conditions, this big umbrella now includes a group of patients who have heterogeneous…
Historic Perspective
Key points • From the historic perspective, atopic dermatitis has gone through several evolutionary periods of understanding and development. • From ancient times to the 18th century, medical communities started…
