Apart from protecting the DNA and alleviating the reproductive tissue damage due to hypothermia, oxidative stress, and radiation, the fruit also protects testis from damage by environment pollutant like BPA. Female fertility is also restored by a herbal medicine containing wolfberry. The fruit also shows protective effect to the cognitive function of offspring with prenatal stress. Different pieces of evidence have shown that L. barbarum would be an all-round aphrodisiac agent that not only improves the sexual function of male individual and the fertility of female, but also the general health of both male and female. These beneficial effects imply L. barbarum would be a potent functional food. Nevertheless, the drug interaction between the fruit and common drugs, especially drugs for chronic diseases, still need to be clarified, in order to utilize wolfberry as an adjunctive therapy for sexual dysfunctions. Yet, further studies may be needed to determine the therapeutic dosage of wolfberry as the quality control of the fruit and the active components are still being elusive.