Nevoid Melanoma


Small, Nevoid Appearance
Nevoid melanoma is deceptively symmetrical, mimicking an intradermal nevus on low-power examination. The only clue is hypercellularity (blue appearance) image and lack of maturation, which should invoke a closer scrutiny.



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Numerous Mitotic Figures
On high-power examination, numerous mitotic figures image are easily found in this nevoid melanoma. This finding is usually surprising given the small size and symmetry on low-power examination.

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Deceptive Symmetry
Low-power examination shows a deceptively symmetrical-appearing compound, predominantly intradermal proliferation, mimicking a nevus. There is lack of maturation with increasing dermal depth image and central hypercellularity.

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Lack of Maturation
Higher magnification shows that the cells are hyperchromatic staining image and do not show definite evidence of maturation with dermal descent. Note also the relatively dense surrounding lymphoid infiltrate image. There is an atypical component focally seen.


TERMINOLOGY


Synonyms




• Some cases have been described as “minimal deviation melanoma,” but this term is very controversial and should be avoided


Definitions




• Uncommon variant of melanoma that shows histological features mimicking a nevus


ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS


Environmental Exposure




• Likely solar/UV radiation related, similar to most types of melanoma


CLINICAL ISSUES


Presentation




• Occurs in wide age range
• Can be ubiquitous, but occurs more frequently on back and extremities

• Dome-shaped papule or nodule or verrucous lesion

• Often not recognized clinically as melanoma

image Can resemble nevus or basal cell carcinoma


Treatment




• Surgical approaches
image Complete excision with clear margins

image Sentinel lymph node biopsy often performed for staging, especially if lesion is thicker than 1.0 mm or

– Level IV

– Ulcerated

– Exhibits dermal mitotic figures


Prognosis




• Similar to conventional melanoma

• Determined by AJCC staging, especially depth of invasion (Breslow depth), ulceration, and mitotic activity


MICROSCOPIC


Histologic Features




• At scanning magnification, there are 2 variants
image Verrucous or papillated

– Mimics polypoid intradermal melanocytic nevus

image Flat or dome-shaped

– Mimics ordinary intradermal or compound melanocytic nevus

• Imparts nevoid appearance on initial examination
image Cells mimic type A nevus cells

image Can also mimic lymphocytes

• Tightly packed, it forms sheets of relatively banal-appearing nevoid cells
image Hypercellular

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Apr 24, 2017 | Posted by in PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE | Comments Off on Nevoid Melanoma

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