Respiratory System
Chapter 3 Respiratory System Five major disease categories are presented in this chapter: obstructive and restrictive disorders of gas exchange, vascular diseases of the lung, infectious and inflammatory diseases, and…
PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
Diseases of the Male Reproductive System
Chapter 7 Diseases of the Male Reproductive System The male reproductive system develops in close relation with the urinary tract, and the two are usually thought of as the urogenital…
Integumentary System (Skin)
Chapter 9 Integumentary System (Skin) The usual classification of skin diseases differs slightly from the terminology used in general pathology: both the gross appearance of lesions and, at least in…
General Reaction Patterns
Chapter 1 General Reaction Patterns Pathologic anatomy, gross and microscopic, is the science of identifying and interpreting morphologic patterns and relating them to the physiologic and pathologic functions of a…
Category IV: Neoplastic: Other
Fig. 6.1 Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor. These parenchymal-rich, stroma-poor tumors produce cellular smears composed of a uniform population of mostly dyscohesive epithelial cells thus yielding a “solid-cellular” smear pattern. This contrasts…
Category V: Suspicious (for Malignancy)
Fig. 7.1 In cases designated as suspicious for malignancy, the nuclei have irregular nuclear membranes with folds and creases. (Direct smear, Papanicolaou) Fig. 7.2 Cells from specimens designated as suspicious…
Category II: Negative (for Malignancy)
Fig. 3.1 Benign acinar epithelium. Tightly cohesive grape-like clusters of cells in small acinar structures attached with central mesenchymal tissue highlights the benign architecture of the specimen. (Direct smear, Papanicolaou)…
Category VI: Positive or Malignant
Fig. 8.1 Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Cohesive, medium-sized cells with a relatively low nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, mild anisonucleosis, mucinous cytoplasm, and parachromatin clearing are arranged in an uneven, “drunken honeycomb” pattern….
Category III: Atypical
Fig. 4.1 Loss of polarity in the cellular arrangement can mimic a “drunken honeycomb”. The smooth nuclear membranes, lack of anisonucleosis and even chromatin pattern do not support a malignant…
Category I: Nondiagnostic
Fig. 2.1 Nondiagnostic. Tissue is uninterpretable due to obscuring blood clot. Tissue casts and clots expressed onto glass slides should be picked up off the glass slide with the needle…
